The corpus record — Latin

bilis

bile

Generated live from the audited Latin corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Saturae 4 · 8.84/10k
De Optimo Genere Oratorum 1 · 6.32/10k
Epodon 1 · 3.33/10k
De Medicina 34 · 3.32/10k
De Arte Poetica liber 1 · 3.24/10k
De Spectaculis 2 · 3.14/10k
De Pallio 1 · 2.92/10k
De Providentia 1 · 2.44/10k
Satyrarum libri 3 · 2.11/10k
Epistulae 2 · 2.02/10k
Saturae 5 · 2.01/10k
De Fuga in Persecutione 1 · 1.88/10k

Densest 12 of 46 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. bīlis — Lewis & Short

bīlis, is (

abl. bili, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 95; Lucr. 4, 664; Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11;

I bile, Hor. C. 1, 13, 4; Petr. 124, 2; Plin. 22, 20, 23, § 49; Suet. Tib. 59; Pers. 2, 14; Juv. 13, 143; Inscr. Grut. 1040, 3), f. kindr. with galbus, gilbus; Germ. gelb.

I Lit., bile (the bilious fluid secreted by the liver, jecur, while fel is the vessel in which the fluid is contained): rufa, viridis, nigra, Ceis. 7, 18; Lucr. 4, 664; Cato, R. R. 156, 4; Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 137; id. Tusc. 4, 10, 23: bilem pellere, Plin. 23, 8, 74, § 142: trahere, id. 27, 4, 10, § 27: detrahere, id. 27, 12, 93, § 119.— In plur. biles, the yellow and black bile, Plin. 20, 9, 34, § 84: purgare, Scrib. Comp. 136 (cf. poet.: purgor bilem, Hor. A. P. 302). —

B Esp.: bilis suffusa, the overflowing of bile, i.e. the jaundice, Plin. 22, 21, 26, § 54 (in Sen. Ep. 95, 16, called subfusio luridae bilis).—And so, bile suffusus, having the jaundice, jaundiced, Plin. 22, 20, 23, § 49.—

II Trop.

A Anger, wrath, choler, ire, displeasure, indignation (v. jecur): non placet mihi cena, quae bilem movet, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 8; so Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 20: bilem alicui commovere, to stir up, excite, Cic. Att. 2, 7, 2: bile tumet jecur, Hor. C. 1, 13, 4: meum jecur urere bilis, id. S. 1, 9, 66: bilis inaestuat praecordiis, id. Epod. 11, 16: jussit quod splendida bilis, id. S. 2, 3, 141: expulit bilem meraco, id. Ep. 2, 2, 137: bilem effundere, to vent, Juv. 5, 159: turgescit vitrea bilis, Pers. 3, 8: cui sententiae tantum bilis, tantum amaritudinis inest, ut, etc., Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 2: videte metuendam inimici et hostis bilem et licentiam, Cic. Fragm. Clod. et Cur. 4, 4 B. and K.—

B Atra (or nigra) bilis, black bile, for melancholy, sadness, dejection, melagxoli/a, Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11: bilem atram generantes, quos melagxolikou\s vocant, Scrib. Comp. 104.—Also as in Gr., = furor, rage, fury, madness: Am. Delirat uxor. So. Atra bili percita est, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 95; id. Capt. 3, 4, 64: bilis nigra curanda est, et ipsa furoris causa removenda, Sen. Ep. 94, 17.

2. bilis — Walde–Hofmann

bilis, -is f. „Galle als Flüssigkeit“ (seit Plaut., rom. größtenteils verdrängt durch fel: Abl -; seit Hor. -&): als *bis(f)is zu kymr. busil, akorn. bistel, bret. best! ,Galle* (*bis-tlo-, -tli-; Fick II* 175, Pedersen 184. 116). Nur ital.-kelt.; fern bleiben an. kveisa ,Beule* (s. Walde-P. 1668) und ai. deésti „haßt*, gr. beibu (Perf.) „fürchte* (Muller Ait. W. 156, s. Walde-P. 1816 f.; du- kelt. nicht 5-). — … — [Walde–Hofmann, s.v. bilis, p. 137]

In the wild

bilis Celsus, De Medicina 4.15
bilem Seneca, De Ira 2.26.3
bilem Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 26.8.p12
bili Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes 3.11
bilem Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 23.4.p12
bile Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 22.20.p1

6 of 158 attestations shown.

Where it came from

Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine Treated in Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine s.v. bilis (scan p. 95; entry #1256).
Walde-Hofmann, Lateinisches etymologisches Worterbuch Treated in Walde-Hofmann, Lateinisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. bilis (scan pp. 137-138; entry #406).

Downloads

Word record (JSON)·Concordance (CSV)·Frequencies (CSV)·Cite (BibTeX)

CC BY 4.0 with receipt attribution — every file carries its license line. What is exportable

Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.