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The corpus record — Latin

calidus

calidus

with a white mark on the forehead

Generated live from the audited Latin corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Densest 12 of 78 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. calidus — de Vaan

calidus 'with a white mark on the forehead' [adj. o/a] (glosses: Isidorus, Chiron) It. cognates: U. kalehif, calersu [acc.pl.rn.] 'a certain colour of cattle'. The length of a cannot be established. Nussbaum 1999a: 382 suggests that a Gr. (Doric) adj. *κάλαδ- 'spotted' (cf. Gr. κηλίς, Dor. καλίς 'stain, spot') was borrowed into Latin, where it joined the /dky-adjectives. U. kal- may also be a borrowing from Greek. … — [de Vaan, s.v. calidus, p. 97]

2. călĭdus — Lewis & Short

călĭdus and caldus, a, um, adj. (contr. access. form caldus in the anteAug. per. is freq. only in Cato and Varr.; Lucr. and Cic. use only calidus; acc. to

Quint. 1, 6, 19, caldus appears to have been predom. in the Aug. per., though used by Aug. poets only when demanded by the rules of prosody, as
I comp. caldior, Hor. S. 1, 3, 53) [caleo, like fervidus, frigidus, from ferveo, etc., aridus from areo, etc.], warm, hot.
I Lit.: fons luce diurnă Frigidus, et calidus nocturno tempore, Lucr. 6, 850; 6, 749; 6, 888: corpora secreta omnino calidi vaporis, devoid of warmth, id. 2, 844; 2, 858; 3, 127; 3, 216; 5, 568; 5, 595; 5, 796; 6, 859; 6, 949 al.: fervor, id. 6, 657; 5, 604: fornaces, id. 6, 148: lavacra, id. 6, 800: corpus, id. 6, 856: febres, id. 2, 34.—As epitheton ornans with ignis, Lucr. 1, 648; 1, 1087; 2, 431; 6, 516; 6, 689; with flamma, id. 3, 903: omne quod est calidum et igneum, etc., Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 23: calidior est enim, vel potius ardentior, animus, quam hic aër, id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42: calidissimae hiemes, Vitr. 2, 1: aestas, Sen. Hippol. 765: dies, Plin. 10, 54, 75, § 152; Quint. 11, 3, 27.—Contr. form in agro caldo, Cato, R. R. 6, 1; 6, 2: sole caldo, Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 1: calda puls, id. L. L. 5, § 127 Müll.—Comp.: caldior est, Hor. S. 1, 3, 53.—Prop. nom.: Călĭdae ăquae, = /(*(/udata *qerma/, Hot Springs, a bathing place in Zeugitana, now Hammam Gurbos, Liv. 30, 24, 9.—
B Subst.
1 călĭda (calda), ae, f. (sc. aqua), warm water, Cato, R. R. 156, 3; Plin. 25, 7, 38, § 77; Tac. G. 22; cf. Just. 44, 2, 6; contr. calda, Col. 6, 13 fin.; 6, 30, 5; Plin. 23, 4, 41, § 83; Sen. Ep. 77, 9; 83, 5; Mart. 1, 12.—
2 călĭ-dum (caldum), i, n., = to\ qermo/n (sc. u(/dwr), a hot drink (a mixture of wine and boiling hot water), Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 14: calix a caldo, quod in eo calda puls apponebatur et caldum eo bibebant, Varr. L. L. 5, § 127 Müll.—
II Trop.
A In gen., fiery, rash, eager, spirited, fierce, impassioned, vehement (of living beings, only in the poets): equus calidus animis, of a fiery spirit, Verg. G. 3, 119: redemptor, eager, active, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 72: calidus juventă, id. C. 3, 14, 27: caldior est, id. S. 1, 3, 53: rixa, id. C. 3, 27, 70.—
2 Esp. freq. (also in prose): consilium, of a conclusion made under excitement, inconsiderate, hasty, rash = temerarium, praeceps (v. Ruhnk. ad Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 89; Doed. Syn. II. p. 124; cf. also Lidd. and Scott under qermo/s): reperias multos, quibus periculosa et calida consilia quietis et cogitatis et splendidiora et majora videantur, Cic. Off. 1, 24, 82; Hirt. ap. Cic. Att. 15, 6, 2: agitabanturque pro ingenio ducis consilia calidiora, Liv. 22, 24, 2: consilia calida et audacia primă specie laeta, tractatu dura, eventu tristia esse, id. 35, 32, 13; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 89; cf.: calidoque habitata Gradivo Pectora, Sil. 15, 337 Drak. ad loc.—Hence,
3 As a Roman proper name, Caldus (hot-head): idcirco aliquem Caldum (al. Calidium) vocari, quod temerario et repentino consilio sit, Cic. Inv. 2, 9, 28.—So C. Caelius Caldus, Cic. Fam. 2, 19.—
B With the prevailing idea of haste, quick, ready, prompt (rare; perh. only anteclass.): huic homini opus est quadraginta minis celeriter calidis, quickly procured, Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 39: pedes, Varr. ap. Non. p. 263, 20.—Esp.: consilium, quick, ready device or plan: reperiamus aliquid calidi conducibilis consili, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 73: reperi, comminiscere, cedo calidum consilium cito, id. Mil. 2, 2, 73 Brix. ad loc.; cf.: calidum hercle audivi esse optumum mendacium, id. Most. 3, 1, 136.—Hence, * adv.: călĭdē, quickly, promptly, etc.: calide quicquid acturus, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 99.

In the wild

6 of 446 attestations shown.

Where it came from

  • de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) Treated in de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) s.v. calidus (scan p. 97; entry #184). Root candidates: *kel-.
  • Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine Treated in Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine s.v. calidus (scan p. 110; entry #1541).

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Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.