dē-spēro — Lewis & Short
dē-spēro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and
I a., to be hopeless; to have no hope of, to despair of, to give up (freq. and class.).—Constr. most freq. with de, the acc., or acc. and inf.; less freq. with the dat. or absol.
(a) With de (in Cic. rarely):
de sua virtute aut de ipsius diligentia,Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 4:
de pugna,id. ib. 1, 40, 8:
de officio imperatoris,id. ib. 1, 40, 10,:
de expugnatione,id. ib. 7, 36:
de salute,id. ib. 7, 85, 3:
de republica,Cic. Att. 8, 11, D, §
6: de summa rerum,Liv. 26, 41: de se, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3; Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2; 9, 15, 5; Lact. 6, 24, 1; Sen. Tranq. An. 5, 2.—
(b) With acc. (in Caes. only in the part. perf.):
honores,Cic. Cat. 2, 9:
honorem,id. Mur. 21, 43:
rempublicam,id. Fam. 12, 14, 3:
pacem,id. Att. 8, 15, 3:
voluntariam deditionem,Liv. 23, 14:
membra invicti Glyconis,Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 30; Sen. Ep. 29, 3; 104, 12.—In the pass.:
sive restituimur, sive desperamur,Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 7; Quint. 1, 10, 8:
hujus salus desperanda est,Cic. Lael. 24, 90; cf.:
nil desperandum Teucro duce,Hor. Od. 1, 7, 27:
desperatis nostris rebus,Caes. B. G. 2, 24, 4; cf. id. ib. 3, 26, 5:
desperata salute,id. ib. 3, 3, 3 et saep.:
desperato improviso tumultu,Liv. 10, 14 et saep.— Middle: desperatis hominibus, who gave themselves up, i. e. were desperately resolved, desperate, Caes. B. G. 7, 3.—
(g) With acc. and inf.:
ego non despero fore aliquem aliquando, qui, etc.,Cic. de Or. 1, 21, 95; id. Div. 2, 21, 48; Quint. 5, 12, 3; Hor. A. P. 150; Ov. M. 9, 724 et saep.—
(d) With dat.:
saluti,Cic. Clu. 25, 68:
oppido,id. Pis. 34 fin.:
rebus tuis,id. ib. 36, 89:
suis fortunis,Caes. B. G. 3, 12, 3:
sibi,id. ib. 7, 50, 4; Cic. Mur. 21 fin.:
saluti suae,id. Clu. 25.—(e) Absol.:
sive habes aliquam spem de republica sive desperas,Cic. Fam. 2, 5; id. Off. 1, 21 fin.; Quint. 2, 4, 10; 12 prooem. § 2; Ov. M. 10, 371 et saep.:
spem habere a tribuno plebis, a senatu desperasse,Cic. Pis. 6.—Hence, *
1 dēspēranter, adv., hopelessly, despairingly:
loqui secum,Cic. Att. 14, 18, 3.—
2 dēspērātus, a, um, P. a., given up, despaired of, irremediable, desperate (most freq. in Cic.):
exercitum collectum ex senibus desperatis,Cic. Cat. 2, 3:
remedium aegrotae ac prope desperatae reipublicae,id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 70; cf.:
reipublicae morbi,id. Sull. 27 fin.:
collegium,id. Leg. 3, 10, 24:
desperatas pecunias exigere,id. Mur. 20 fin. et saep.:
desperatos vocant, quia corpori suo minime parcunt (of the Christians),Lact. 5, 9, 12. —Prov.:
desperatis Hippocrates vetat adhibere medicinam,Cic. Att. 16, 15, 5.— Comp.:
haec nunc multo desperatiora,Cic. Fam. 7, 22.—Sup.:
perfugium,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 41 fin.: spes, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B, § 2.—* Adv., dēspērātē, desperately:
non desperate sollicitus,Aug. Ep. ad Celer. 237.