hēres — Lewis & Short
hēres (ēres,
Inscr. Orell. 188 al.), ēdis (archaicI acc. sing. herem, Naev. ap. Non. 486, 33; Inscr. Orell. 4379; cf. the art. † herem), comm. Sanscr. har-āmi, seize; har-anam, hand; Gr. xei/r, xe/rhs; cf. erus, an heir, heiress.
I Lit.:
testamento facto mulier moritur: facit heredem ex deunce et semuncia Caecinam, ex duabus sextulis M. Fulcinium,Cic. Caecin. 6, 17; cf.:
me nemo nisi amicus fecit heredem, etc. ... aliquem palam heredem factitare,id. Phil. 2, 16, 41:
mulier testamento fecit heredem filiam,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 43, § 111; id. Mil. 18, 48; cf. id. Rep. 3, 10, 17; Ov. H. 9, 110; Dig. 37, 7, 2; 37, 7, 9;
Ven. Fort. Carm. 8, 6, 44: in testamento Ptolemaei patris heredes erant scripti ex duobus filiis major, et ex duabus ea, quae aetate antecedebat,Caes. B. C. 3, 108, 3:
scripserunt heredes secum M. Crassum et Q. Hortensium,Cic. Off. 3, 18, 73:
aliquem heredem testamento relinquere,id. Quint. 4, 14:
relictus ab eo in amplis opibus heres,Plin. 9, 35, 59, § 122:
aliquem heredem instituere,Cic. Clu. 7, 22; Quint. 8, 5, 17; cf.:
per leges institui uxor non poterat heres,id. 9, 2, 74:
instituto herede abdicato,id. 3, 6, 97:
substitutus heres erat,id. 7, 6, 10: virgo Vestalis neque heres est cuiquam, etc., Labeo ap. Gell. 1, 12, 18:
substituere heredem,Dig. 28, 6, 1:
heres ex parte dimidia et tertia est Capito: in sextante sunt ii, quorum, etc.,Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 2:
ex asse heres,sole heir, Quint. 7, 1, 20; so,
heres ex parte sexta,Plin. Ep. 6, 33, 6:
ex dodrante,Suet. Caes. 83:
(L. Mescinius) heres est M. Mindio fratri suo,Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 2; so,
cur virgini Vestali sit heres, non sit matri suae?id. Rep. 3, 10; cf.:
quem suis bonis heredem esse cupiebat,id. Caecin. 4, 12; and: atque meis bonis omnibus ego te herem faciam, Naev. ap. Non. 486, 33;
for which: quem quis heredem suum esse voluit,Quint. 5, 10, 74:
repentinus heres,Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 62:
liberti heredem sequantur,Quint. 7, 7, 9;
so the formula frequently occurring on inscriptions: HIC LOCVS, HOC MONVMENTVM HEREDEM NON SEQVITVR, USU. abbreviated H. L. or H. M. H. N. S.,Inscr. Orell. 4379; 3926; 4455; 575; 2807; 4182; cf.
opp.: HOC MONVMENTVM HEREDEM SEQVITVR,Inscr. Orell. 4397: heres secundus, the second heir, next heir, when the first dies: qui me secundum heredem instituerit. Cic. Fam. 13, 61, 1; cf.:
possessio heredum secundorum,id. Inv. 2, 21, 62:
secundus,Quint. 8, 4, 11; Hor. S. 2, 5, 48; Inscr. Orell. 3416;
also used of a female: Marcus ait: Heres ipsius secundus, de muliere loquens,Charis. p. 79 P.: heres necessarius, a slave made heir with a grant of freedom, and compelled to assume the liabilities of the estate, Just. Inst. 1, 6, 1 Sandars:
ideo sic appellatus, quia, sive velit sive nolit, omnimodo post mortem testatoris protinus liber et heres est,Gai. Inst. 2, 153: heres suus et necessarius, a natural heir who was in the potestas of the deceased, id. ib. 2, § 153; 156; Dig. 38, 16, 1;
opp.: heres extraneus,Gai. Inst. 2, § 161.— Poet.:
tanti certaminis (i. e. armorum Achillis),Ov. M. 13, 129.—
B Transf.
1 Owner, possessor, master (ante-class.): heres apud antiquos pro domino ponebatur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 99 Müll.; cf. Just. Inst. 2, 19 fin.:
apstuli hanc, quojus heres numquam erit post hunc diem,Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 12; cf. v. 28.—
2 A successor, after-growth (poet.):
nec ullum caput est impune recisum, quin gemino cervix herede valentior esset,of the heads of the Lernean Hydra, Ov. M. 9, 74; cf.:
alni caesae densius innumero herede prosunt,Plin. 16, 37, 67, § 173. —
II Trop. (very rare):
illa vetus Academia atque ejus heres Aristus,Cic. Brut. 97, 332; cf.
artis,Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 24:
laudis,Ov. H. 9, 110:
fraudis,id. ib. 2, 78: criminis. id. A. A. 3, 459.