The corpus record — Latin

hostis

foreigner, enemy

Figures and citations on this page are drawn from the audited Latin corpus; none are written from memory.

Distribution

Ab Urbe Condita, books 8-10 - 17s 1 · 83.33/10k
De bello Gallico 338 · 65.89/10k
Chabrias 3 · 61.35/10k
De Bello Africo 79 · 60.74/10k
Hamilcar 3 · 58.03/10k
Datames 10 · 54.88/10k
Miltiades 7 · 52.47/10k
Epitome Rerum Romanorum 136 · 51.64/10k
Ab urbe condita 2,664 · 51.51/10k
Ab Urbe Condita, books 8-10 - 19s 1 · 49.75/10k
Ab urbe condita, fragments 1 · 47.62/10k
De Vita Iulii Agricolae 32 · 47.48/10k

Densest 12 of 242 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

Senses

1. hostis — de Vaan

foreigner, enemy

2. hostis — Lewis & Short

a stranger

3. hostis — Walde–Hofmann

(dial

Attestations

hoste Ammianus Marcellinus, Res Gestae 14.2.6
hostes Ammianus Marcellinus, Res Gestae 14.4.1
hostibus Ammianus Marcellinus, Res Gestae 14.10.7
hostis Ammianus Marcellinus, Res Gestae 14.10.14
hostes Ammianus Marcellinus, Res Gestae 15.4.8
hostibus Ammianus Marcellinus, Res Gestae 15.4.11

6 of 6,537 attestations shown.

Deep etymology

Authority pointers, pending review

These are the etymology authorities that treat this word, with their exact locators. They are bibliographic pointers, not a published word history: no root, reconstruction, derivation, cognate, or origin is asserted here.

de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) scan p. 305; entry #780 Review: Under source audit
Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine scan p. 325; entry #5136 Review: Under source audit
Walde-Hofmann, Lateinisches etymologisches Worterbuch scan p. 694; entry #1342 Review: Under source audit

The authorities' own wording is withheld pending review. Each source's identity, locator, and review status are cited above.

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Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.