pendo — Lewis & Short
pendo, pĕpendi, pensum, 3 (pendissent, for pependissent,
Liv. 45, 26 fin.:I
penderit for pependerit,Paul. Nol. Carm. 14, 122), v. a. and n. etym. dub.; cf. root sfad-, sfendo/nh, a sling; Lat. funda.—Lit., to cause to hang down, to suspend; esp. of scales in weighing.
I Act., to weigh, weigh out.
A Lit. (very rare: syn. penso, expendo): unumquodque verbum staterā aurariā pendere, Varr. ap. Non. 455, 21: da pensam lanam, Titin. ap. Non. 369, 21; Plin. 19, 3, 15, § 39, read repensum: aere gravi cum uterentur Romani, penso eo, non numerato debitum solvebant, Fest. s. v. pendere, p. 208 Müll.:
pensas examinat herbas,Ov. M. 14, 270.—
2 Transf., to pay, pay out (because, in the earliest times, payments were made by weighing out the metals; v. in the preced. the passage from Fest.;
class.): militis stipendia ideo, quod eam stipem pendebant,Varr. L. L. 5, § 182 Müll.:
Achaei ingentem pecuniam pendunt L. Pisoni quotannis,Cic. Prov. Cons. 3, 5; id. Att. 12, 25, 1:
vectigal populo Romano,Caes. B. G. 5, 23:
vectigal,Liv. 25, 8:
tributum pro navibus,Tac. A. 13, 51:
pretium,id. ib. 2, 87:
coria boum in usus militares,id. ib. 4, 72:
mercedem alicui,Juv. 3, 15.—Absol.:
pro pabulo pendunt,pay, Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 65.—Impers. pass.:
iterumque imperii nostri publicanis penditur,Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 65.—As punishments consisted of fines in money or cattle: pendere poenas, supplicia, etc., signified to pay, suffer, undergo a penalty:
pendere poenas solvere significat,Fest. p. 268 Müll.:
Syrus mihi tergo poenas pendet,Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:
maximas poenas pendo temeritatis meae,Cic. Att. 11, 8, 1:
satis pro temeritate unius hominis suppliciorum pensum esse,Liv. 34, 61:
capitis poenas,Ov. F. 3, 845:
poenas violatae religionis sanguine et caedibus,Just. 8, 2, 4:
magna supplicia perfidiae,id. 11, 4, 2:
crimen, culpam,Val. Fl. 4, 477.—Rarely in this signif. absol., to suffer any thing (poet.):
tuis nam pendit in arvis Delius,Val. Fl. 1, 445.—
B Trop.
1 To weigh mentally, to ponder, consider, deliberate upon, decide (class.;
syn.: pensito, trutinor): vos eam (rem) suo, non nominis pondere penditote,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 1:
in philosophiā res spectatur, non verba penduntur,id. Or. 16, 51:
causam ex veritate,id. Quint. 1, 5:
rem levi conjecturā,id. Rosc. Am. 22, 62.—
b To value, esteem, regard a thing; with gen. of the value (mostly ante-class. and poet.):
neque cum me magni pendere visum'st,Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 12:
aliquem,Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 25:
quem tu vidisse beatus Non magni pendis,Hor. S. 2, 4, 93:
nec jam religio divum neque numina magni Pendebantur,Lucr. 6, 1277:
unice unum plurimi pendit,Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 29:
te volturium vocant: Hostisne an civis comedis, parvi pendere,id. Trin. 1, 2, 64 sq.:
nequam hominis ego parvi pendo gratiam,lightly esteem, id. Bacch. 3, 6, 29; so,
parvi,Ter. And. 3, 2, 46; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 37; id. Hec. 3, 5, 63:
minoris pendo tergum illorum, quam meum,care less for, Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 29:
aliquem minoris,id. ib. 1, 3, 58:
aliquem nihili,id. ib. 1, 3, 88:
nihili,id. Men. 5, 7, 4; id. Trin. 3, 1, 6; Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 6; cf.:
non flocci pendere,Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 21:
sese experturum, quanti sese penderem,Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 44:
tu illum numquam ostendisti quanti penderes,Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 103.—
2 (Acc. to A. 2.) To pay, render (poet.):
dignas pendere grates,Stat. Th. 11, 223.—
II Neutr., to weigh (poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
tantundem pendere par est,Lucr. 1, 361:
talentum ne minus pondo octoginta Romanis ponderibus pendat,Liv. 38, 38, 13; Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 44; id. 30, 48 fin., § 93; id. 18, 7, 12, § 66; id. 31, 6, 31, § 58 (in Sen. Ep. 66, 30, read pendent).—Hence, pensus, a, um, P. a., lit. weighed; hence, trop., esteemed, valued, prized, dear (as P. a. not in Cic. or Cæs.):
utra condicio pensior, Virginemne an viduam habere?Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 61: ut nihil quicquam esset carius pensiusque nobis quam nosmetipsi, Taurus ap. Gell. 12, 5, 7.—Esp., as subst.: pensum, i, n., something weighed.
A Weight, consideration, scruple, importance, only in gen. sing.: nihil pensi habere aliquid, to lay no weight or stress upon a thing, to attach no value to, be indifferent to, care nothing about:
sua parvi pendere, aliena cupere, ... nihil pensi neque moderati habere,Sall. C. 12, 2:
nihil pensi neque sancti habere,id. J. 41, 9:
neque id quibus modis assequeretur, quicquam pensi habebat,id. C. 5, 6:
prorsus neque dicere, neque facere quicquam pensi habebat,id. ib. 23, 2:
nihil pensi habuit, quin, etc.,Suet. Dom. 12; id. Ner. 34:
ut neque fas neque fidem pensi haberet,Tac. A. 13, 15: aliquid ratum pensumque habere, Att. Capitol. ap. Gell. 13, 12, 2. —So, non pensi ducere (very rare), Val. Max. 2, 9, 3.—Also, non adest or est alicui pensi: nec mihi adest tantillum pensi jam, quos capiam calceos, I don't care in the least, am perfectly indifferent, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 52:
sed illis nec quid dicerent, nec quid facerent, quicquam umquam pensi fuisse,they never cared at all, Liv. 34, 49:
quibus si quicquam pensi umquam fuisset, non ea consilia de republicā habuissent,if they had ever had regard for any considerations, Sall. C. 52, 34. —
B Prop., the wool weighed out to a slave to spin in a day; hence, a day's work in spinning, and, in gen., spinning, a spinner's task.
1 Lit. (mostly ante-class. and poet.):
pensum facere,Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 63; id. Men. 5, 2, 45:
nocturna carpentes pensa puellae,Verg. G. 1, 391:
carmine quo captae dum fusis mollia pensa Devolvunt, etc.,id. ib. 4, 348:
famulasque ad lumina longo Exercet penso,id. A. 8, 412; Prop. 3, 15, (4, 14), 15:
castrensia,i. e. for military garments, id. 4 (5), 3, 33:
pensa manu ducunt,Juv. 12, 65:
lanificam revocas ad sua pensa manum,Ov. Am. 1, 13, 24; id. H. 3, 75; Just. 1, 3, 2.—Poet., a thread spun by the Fates:
durae peragunt pensa sorores,Sen. Herc. Fur. 181:
jamque in fine dies et inexorabile pensum Deficit,Stat. S. 3, 3, 172: mortale resolvere, to unbind his mortal thread, i. e. to make him immortal, Calp. Ecl. 4, 137.—
2 Trop., a charge, duty, office (so in Cic.; cf.:
ministerium, munus, officium): pensum meum lepide accurabo,Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 33; cf.:
meum confeci,id. Pers. 2, 4, 1:
absolvere,to perform one's duty, Varr. R. R. 2, 2:
me ad meum munus pensumque revocabo,Cic. de Or. 3, 30, 119; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 46, § 109:
nominis familiaeque,Liv. 4, 52:
operis sui peragere,Col. 3, 10, 7.—Hence, adv.: pensē, carefully, considerately (post-class.): pensius, Flav. ap. Symm. Ep. 2, 34.