văco — Lewis & Short
văco, āvi, ātum, 1 (
I perf. vacui, Tert. Pall. 4; id. Pud. 8 fin.; id. adv. Val. 9), v. n. etym. dub., to be empty, void, or vacant; to be void of, or without; not to contain (class.; cf.: careo, egeo).
I In gen.
A Lit., of space, etc.
1 Absol.:
quācumque vacat spatium, quod inane vocamus,Lucr. 1, 507; so,
spatium,id. 2, 1053; 6, 1029:
inane,id. 1, 520:
villa ita completa militibus est, ut vix triclinium ... vacaret,Cic. Att. 13, 52, 1:
tota domus superior vacat,id. ib. 13, 12, 10:
aedes,Plaut. Cas. 3, 1, 7:
maximam putant esse laudem, quam latissime a suis finibus vacare agros,to be uninhabited, uncultivated, Caes. B. G. 4, 3:
locus,id. ib. 1, 28; Quint. 8, 6, 18; 9, 4, 118; 10, 3, 33:
ostia septem Pulverulenta vacant, septem sine flumine valles,Ov. M. 2, 256:
odi cum late splendida cera vacat,id. Am. 1, 11, 20:
haec fiunt dum vacat harena,Sen. Ep. 7, 4.—
2 With abl. (so most freq.):
illa natura caelestis et terra vacat et umore,Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65; cf. id. N. D. 2, 24, 64:
mens vacans corpore,id. ib. 1, 10, 25:
hoste vacare domos,Verg. A. 3, 123:
(domus) quae Igne vacet,Ov. M. 2, 764:
custode vacans,id. ib. 2, 422:
ora vacent epulis,i. e. abstain from, id. ib. 15, 478: ea pars oppidi, quae fluminis circuitu vacabat, Auct. B. G. 8, 41. —
3 With ab:
haec a custodiis classium loca maxime vacabant,Caes. B. C. 3, 25.—
B Transf., to be vacant. free from, without, unoccupied, etc.
1 With abl.:
ejusmodi (nimiis animi) motibus sermo debet vacare,Cic. Off. 1, 38, 136:
nulla vitae pars vacare officio potest,id. ib. 1, 2, 4:
omni curatione et administratione rerum (dii),id. N. D. 1, 1, 2:
studiis,id. de Or. 3, 11, 43:
curā et negotio,id. Leg. 1, 3, 8:
vitio,id. ib. 3, 3, 10:
culpā,id. Fam. 7, 3, 4:
criminibus,Quint. 10, 1, 34:
febri,Cels. 2, 14 med.:
morbis,Dig. 21, 1, 53:
amplitudo animi pulchrior, si vacet populo,keeps free from, remains aloof from, Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 64:
respublica et milite illic et pecuniā vacet,be free from the necessity of furnishing, Liv. 2, 48, 9.—
2 With ab and abl.:
nullum tempus illi umquam vacabat aut a forensi dictione aut a scribendo,Cic. Brut. 78, 272:
(rex) quicquid a bellis populi Romani vacabat, cum hominibus nostris consuetudines jungebat,id. Deiot. 9, 27:
a publico officio et munere,id. Div. 2, 2, 7:
ab opere (milites),Caes. B. C. 3, 76:
ne quando a metu ac periculis vacarent,Liv. 7, 1:
vacant ab imbecillis valetudinaria,Col. 12, 3, 8:
a culpā,Sen. Ep. 97, 1:
a periculo,id. Q. N. 6, 1, 1:
a negotiis,Phaedr. 3 prol.—
II In partic.
A To be free from labor, not busied, idle, at leisure; to have leisure or time:
quamvis occupatus sis, otii tamen plus habes: aut, si ne tu quidem vacas, noli, etc.,Cic. Fam. 12, 30, 1; cf. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13, 1; Quint. 10, 3, 27:
festus in pratis vacat otioso Cum bove pagus,Hor. C. 3, 18, 11:
si vacabis,Cic. Att. 12, 38, 2:
si forte vacas,Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 95.—
2 After the Aug. per. esp. freq.
a Vacare alicui rei, to be free to attend, apply, or devote one's self to something; to have leisure or time for a thing (cf. studeo):
philosophiae, Quinte, semper vaco,Cic. Div. 1, 6, 10:
in itinere, quasi solutus ceteris curis, huic uni vacaret,Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 15:
huic uni negotio vacare,Vell. 2, 114, 1:
ille non vacasse sermoni suo regem causatus discessit,Curt. 6, 7, 21:
paulum etiam palaestricis,Quint. 1, 11, 15:
studio operis pulcherrimi,id. 12, 1, 4:
foro,id. 10, 1, 114:
clientium negotiis,Tac. A. 16, 22:
non discendo tantum juri, sed etiam docendo,Quint. 12, 1, 10:
libellis legendis ac rescribendis,Suet. Aug. 45:
queruntur de superiorum fastidio, quod ipsis adire volentibus non vacaverint,have no leisure for them, can not attend to them, Sen. Brev. Vit. 2, 5.—Rarely absol.:
dum perago tecum pauca sed apta, vaca,Ov. Am. 2, 2, 2.—
b Vacare ad aliquid:
non vaco ad istas ineptias,Sen. Ep. 49, 9; cf. (poet.):
in grande opus,Ov. P. 3, 3, 36; also, with inf.:
sternere acies,Stat. Th. 8, 185.—
c Vacat (alicui), impers., there is time, room, or leisure for a thing (poet. and in post-Aug. prose).
(a) With inf. (so most freq.): si primā repetens ab origine pergam Et vacet annales nostrorum audire laborum, Verg. A. 1, 373:
tunc et elegiam vacabit in manus sumere,Quint. 10, 1, 58:
non vacabit incohare haec studia,id. 1, 12, 12: hactenus indulsisse vacat, it is permitted, i. q. licet, Verg. A. 10, 625 Heyne; imitated by Sil. 17, 374.—
(b) With dat., I (thou, he, etc.) have leisure or time for a thing:
nobis venari nec vacat nec libet,Plin. Ep. 9, 16, 1:
non vacat exiguis rebus adesse Jovi,Ov. Tr. 2, 216:
nec nostris praebere vacet tibi cantibus aures,id. M. 5, 334:
obstat enim diligentiae scribendi etiam fatigatio et abunde, si vacet, lucis spatia sufficiunt,Quint. 10, 3, 27:
cui esse diserto vacet,id. 11, 1, 50:
quo magis te, cui vacat, hortor, etc.,Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 11; 8, 15, 1; Curt. 10, 10, 12; Vell. 1, 15, 1; 2, 124, 1.— Absol.:
teneri properentur amores, Dum vacat,Ov. Am. 3, 1, 70:
si vacat,Juv. 1, 21. —
B Of possessions, lands, etc., to be unoccupied, vacant, ownerless:
cum agri Ligustini ... aliquantum vacaret, senatūs consultum est factum, ut is ager viritim divideretur,Liv. 42, 4, 3:
fundi possessionem nancisci, quae ex neglegentiā domini vacat,Dig. 41, 3, 37:
si nemo sit, bona vacabunt,ib. 38, 7, 2 fin.—
2 Esp., of offices, relations, positions, employments, etc., to be vacant, without incumbent, etc.:
si Piso adesset, nullius philosophiae vacaret locus,Cic. N. D. 1, 7, 16: quid enim nostrā victum esse Antonium, si victus est, ut alii vacaret, quod ille obtinuit? may stand open, Brut. ap. Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 17, 6:
rogo ut Suram praeturā exornare digneris, cuia locus vacet,Plin. Ep. 10, 12 (7), 1:
rogo dignitati... vel auguratum vel septemviratum, quia vacant, adicere digneris,id. ib. 10, 13 (8).— Hence, văcans, antis, P. a.
A Empty, unoccupied, without an owner, vacant:
locus,Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 16, 8:
metaphora ... vacantem locum occupare debet,Quint. 8, 6, 18:
regnum,Just. 42, 4, 2; 25, 2, 4; 27, 3, 1:
saltus,Verg. G. 3, 477:
balneae,Tac. H. 3, 11:
bona,Dig. 30, 1, 93; 30, 1, 111.— Subst.: văcantia, ĭum, n., vacant estates, property without an owner:
ut, si a privilegiis parentum cessaretur, velut parens omnium populus vacantia teneret,Tac. A. 3, 28.—
B Of women, single, unmarried, without a husband:
qui vacantem mulierem rapuit vel nuptam,Dig. 48, 6, 5; Quint. Decl. 262 (cf. vacua, Ov. H. 20, 149).—
C Of persons, at leisure, unoccupied, idle:
nec petiit animum vacantem,Ov. M. 9, 612.— Subst.: văcantĭa, ĭum, n., that which is superfluous, useless (post-class.):
vacantia ex quāque re ac non necessariā auferre et excidere,Gell. 6, 5, 6.—Hence, adv.: vă-canter, superfluously, Gell. 17, 10, 16.