vŏluntas — Lewis & Short
vŏluntas, ātis, f.1. volo,
I will, freewill, wish, choice, desire, inclination.
I Lit.
A In gen.: simul objecta species cujuspiam est, quod bonum videatur, ad id adipiscendum impellit ipsa natura: id cum constanter prudenterque fit, ejusmodi appetitionem Stoici bou/lhsin appellant, nos appellamus voluntatem:
eam illi putant in solo esse sapiente, quam sic definiunt: Voluntas est, quae quid cum ratione desiderat: quae autem adversus rationem incitata est vehementius, ea libido est vel cupiditas effrenata, quae in omnibus stultis invenitur,Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 12; id. Rep. 1, 2, 3:
talis est quaeque res publica, qualis ejus aut natura aut voluntas, qui illam regit,id. ib. 1, 31, 47:
judicium voluntasque multitudinis,id. ib. 1, 45, 69:
mentem voluntatemque suscipere,id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:
quid esset suae voluntatis ostendere,Caes. B. C. 3, 109:
has patitur poenas peccandi sola voluntas,Juv. 13, 208:
sit pro ratione voluntas,id. 6, 223.—Plur.:
ut ejus semper voluntatibus non modo cives assenserint, etc.,Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 48.—
2 Adverbial phrases.
a Suā (alicujus) voluntate, or simply voluntate, of one's own will, of one's own accord, willingly, voluntarily (cf.:
sponte, ultro),Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 2:
ut verum esset, suā voluntate sapientem descendere, etc.,Cic. Rep. 1, 6, 11:
suā voluntate, nullā vi coactus,id. Fin. 2, 20, 65: dictus filius tuos vostrā voluntate, Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 2:
tu coactus es tuā voluntate,id. And. 4, 1, 33:
istuc, quod expetis, meā voluntate concedam,Cic. Div. in Caecil. 9, 27:
reditus in patriam voluntate omnium concedi videretur,id. Fam. 13, 5, 2.—Alone:
nisi voluntate ibis, rapiam te domum,Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 40:
quod jus vos cogit, id voluntate impetret,Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 44:
aequius erat id voluntate fieri,Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28:
aliae civitates voluntate in ditionem venerunt,Liv. 29, 38, 1.—
b Ad voluntatem, de, ex voluntate, according to the will, with the consent, at the desire of any one:
ad voluntatem loqui,at the will of another, Cic. Quint. 30, 93; id. Par. 5, 2, 39:
vultus et sermo ad aliorum sensum et voluntatem commutandus,Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 11, 42:
vix tamen sibi de meā voluntate concessum est,id. Att. 4, 2, 4:
illud accidit praeter optatum meum, sed valde ex voluntate,id. Pis. 20, 46:
ex Caesaris voluntate,id. Fam. 13, 29, 7; cf.:
praeter legem et sui voluntatem patris studeat, etc.,Ter. And. 5, 3, 9.—
B In partic.
1 Disposition towards a person or thing, good or bad:
erratis, si senatum probare ea ... putatis, populum autem esse in aliā voluntate,Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:
offensā in eum militum voluntate,Nep. Dion, 8, 3:
celans, quā voluntate esset in regem,id. Dat. 5, 5:
legati, qui de ejus voluntate explorarent,id. Hann. 2, 2.—And with bona:
neque bonae voluntatis ullum signum erga nos tyranni habemus,Liv. 38, 14, 7:
quid nunc mihi prodest bona voluntas,Sen. Ben. 4, 21, 6; 5, 3, 2; 5, 4, 1; id. Ep. 81, 8: non nudum cum bonā voluntate, sed cum facultatibus accedere ad patriae auxilium, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 2. —
2 More freq. voluntas alone = bona voluntas, good-will, favor, affection (syn. benignitas):
voluntas erga Caesarem,Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6, § 20; Caes. B. C. 2, 17:
summa in se (with summum studium),id. B. G. 1, 19:
mutua,Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 1:
aliena a te,id. Lig. 2, 6:
voluntas vestra si ad poëtam accesserit,Ter. Phorm. prol. 29:
singularis voluntas Campanae vicinitatis,Cic. Rab. Perd. 3, 8:
mansisset eadem voluntas in eorum posteris, etc.,id. Rep. 1, 41, 64. —
3 A last will, testament:
defensio testamentorum ac voluntatis mortuorum,Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 242; Plin. Ep. 2, 16, 2; 4, 10, 3; 5, 7, 2; Tac. H. 1, 48; Amm. 21, 15, 5; 28, 1, 35; 28, 4, 22;
called also ultima,Dig. 35, 1, 6; cf.:
per testamentum aut per aliam quamlibet ultimam voluntatem,other expression of his will, Just. Inst. 1, 5, 1.—
4 An object, purpose:
cum sint in dicendo variae voluntates,Cic. Brut. 21, 83; cf.:
quantam voluntatem habent ad hunc opprimendum,id. Font. 18, 40 (14, 30).—
II Transf. (acc. to 1. volo, I. E. 4. b.), of speech, meaning, sense, signification, import (only post-Aug.; esp. freq. in Quint.;
syn. vis): verbis legum standum sit an voluntate,Quint. 7, 10, 6; so (opp. verba) id. 7, 1, 49; 7, 5, 4; cf.:
quaestio juris omnis aut verborum proprietate aut voluntatis conjectura continetur,id. 12, 2, 19; 6, 2, 9:
verborum vi aut voluntate,id. 8, praef. 10:
legis,id. 3, 6, 99:
nominis,id. 7, 10, 1.