2. jūs — Lewis & Short
jūs, jūris (
I gen. plur. jurum for jurium, Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 86; Cato ap. Charis. p. 72 and 109 P.: juribus,
Dig. 13, 5, 3, § 1; Charis. p. 19: jure, arch. dat., Liv. 42, 28, 6; Corp. Ins. Lat. 198, 31), n. kindred with Sanscr. yu, to join; cf. zeu/gnumi, jungo, qs. the binding, obliging; cf. lex from ligo, right, law, justice.
I Lit. (class.; in plur. very rare, except in nom. and acc.), that which is binding or obligatory; that which is binding by its nature, right, justice, duty: juris praecepta sunt haec, honeste vivere, alterum non laedere, suum cuique tribuere,
Just. Inst. 1, 1, 3: jus naturale est quod natura omnia animalia docuit...videmus etenim cetera quoque animalia istius juris perita censeri, Dig. 1, 1, 1, § 3; Just. Inst. 1, 2 prooem.: omnes boni ipsam aequitatem et jus ipsum amant; per se jus est appetendum,
Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 48: Gy. Amabo, hicine istuc decet? Le. Jusque fasque est, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 20: jus hic orat,
id. Trin. 5, 2, 37; id. Ps. 1, 5, 123: omnium legum atque jurium fictor, conditor cluet,
id. Ep. 3, 4, 90: jus hominum situm est in generis humani societate,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64: tenere,
id. Caecin. 11: obtinere,
to maintain, id. Quint. 9: de jure alicui respondere,
to lay down the law, id. de Or. 2, 33, 142: respondere,
id. Leg. 1, 4, 12: dicere, to pronounce judgment, give a judicial decision, as, e. g. the prætor: a Volcatio, qui Romae jus dicit,
id. Fam. 13, 14; Verg. A. 7, 246; cf.: jura dare,
id. ib. 1, 507: praetor quoque jus reddere dicitur, etiam cum inique decernit,
Dig. 1, 1, 11: quid dubitas dare mihi argentum? S. Jus petis, fateor, you ask what is right, reasonable, Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 16: jus publicum,
common right, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 65: jura communia,
equal rights, Cic. Div. 1, 5: divina ac humana,
id. Off. 1, 26: belli,
id. Div. 2, 77: gentium,
the law of nations, id. Off. 3, 5: quod naturalis ratio inter omnes homines constituit, id apud omnes populos peraeque custoditur, vocaturque jus gentium,
Gai. Inst. 1, 1: civile,
the civil law, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 42, § 109: quod quisque populus ipse sibi jus constituit, id ipsius proprium est vocaturque jus civile, Gai Inst. 1, 1: pontificium,
Cic. Dom. 13, 34: praediatorium,
id. Balb. 20: conjugialia,
Ov. M. 6, 536: jus est, apponi pernam frigidam,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 26: jus fasque est,
human and divine right, id. Cist. 1, 1, 22: juris nodos solvere,
Juv. 8, 50.—Abl.: jūrĕ, adverb., with justice, justly: jure in eum animadverteretur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 8, § 19: jure ac merito,
id. ib. 2, 5, 67, § 172; id. Cat. 3, 6, 14; Juv. 2, 34: et jure fortasse,
id. Tusc. 3, 12, 26: et fortasse suo jure,
id. Fin. 5, 2, 4: te ipse, jure optimo, merito incuses licet,
with perfect justice, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 24: optimo jure,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf.: pleno jure, Gai Inst. 1, 5, 14: justo jure,
Liv. 21, 3, 4; cf. opp. to injuria: non quaero, jure an injuria sint inimici,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 150: summum jus, the extremity or utmost rigor of the law: non agam summo jure tecum,
id. ib. 2, 5, 2, § 4: ex quo illud, Summum jus, summa injuria, factum est jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33; so opp. (aequum et bonum habere quod defendant), si contra verbis et litteris, et, ut dici solet, summo jure contenditur,
id. Caecin. 23, 65.
II Transf.
A A place where justice is administered, a court of justice: in jus ambula,
come before a magistrate, Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 22; Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 43: in jus ire,
Nep. Att. 6, 4: cum ad praetorem in jus adissemus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147: in jus acres procurrunt,
Hor. S. 1, 7, 20: aliquem in jus vocare,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187; Hor. S. 2, 5, 29: aliquem in jus rapere,
id. ib. 1, 9, 77; 2, 3, 72: trahere,
Juv. 10, 87.—
B Justice, justness of a thing: absolverunt, admiratione magis virtutis, quam jure causae,
Liv. 1, 26.—
C Legal right, power, authority, permission: cum plebe agendi,
Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 31: materiae caedendae,
Liv. 5, 55.—Of particular rights: jus eundi, a right of way, Gai Inst. 2, 31: jus agendi, aquamve ducendi,
id. ib.: altius tollendi vel prospiciendi,
id. ib. 4, 3: jus civitatis, the right to obtain the privileges of citizenship (cf. civitas; v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 640),
Cic. Arch. 5, 11; id. Caecin. 34, 98; 35, 102; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 11,§ 26: jus capiendi,
Juv. 1, 56: testandi,
id. 16, 51; cf. 6, 217: jus trium liberorum, Sen. ap. Lact. 1, 16, 10: patrium,
the power of life and death over their children, Liv. 1, 26: homines recipere in jus dicionemque,
id. 21, 61: sub jus judiciumque regis venire,
id. 39, 24: (homo) sui juris,
his own master, independent, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7, § 18: jus ad mulieres,
over the women, Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 22: ut eodem jure essent, quo fuissent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 13; cf.: melius, quod nil animis in corpora juris natura indulget,
Juv. 2, 139.—The legal forms of the old jurists: jus Flavianum,
Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 7.