The corpus record — Latin

victima

sacrificial animal

Generated live from the audited Latin corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Octavia 4 · 7.65/10k
Commodus Antoninus 2 · 5.77/10k
Hercules 4 · 5.26/10k
Octavius 6 · 5.17/10k
Ibis 2 · 5.09/10k
Thyestes 3 · 4.76/10k
Ab urbe condita libri, erklürt von M. Weissenborn, book 45 6 · 4.55/10k
De Cultu Feminarum 2 · 3.9/10k
Galba 1 · 3.63/10k
Adversus Judaeos Liber 4 · 3.56/10k
Medea 2 · 3.53/10k
Epodon 1 · 3.33/10k

Densest 12 of 88 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. victima — de Vaan

victima 'sacrificial animal' [f a] (Naev>+) Pit, *wiktV-ma-, It. cognates: U. eveietu, e.veietu [acc.sg.m. of ppp.] ' ? \ If vic-is 'turn, occasion' derives from a root meaning 'to turn', the application of 'turn' in a context of exchange can easily lead to a meaning 'exchange', as in the Gm. cognates. The victima could then be the 'exchange' with the gods, hence *uikti' exchange' + *-mo-. But there are other … — [de Vaan, s.v. victima, p. 689]

2. victĭma — Lewis & Short

victĭma, ae, f.perh. root vig- of vigeo; with superl. ending; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 509 sq.,

I a beast for sacrifice adorned with the fillet (vitta), a sacrifice, victim (cf. hostia).

I Lit., Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 93; Hor. C. 3, 23, 12; Verg. G. 2, 147; Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 16; Liv. 45, 7, 1; Ov. M. 7, 162; id. F. 1, 335; Juv. 12, 113; Luc. 1, 611; Sen. Herc. Fur. 923 al.—

II Trop., a victim: quam potestis P. Lentulo mactare victimam gratiorem quam si L. Flacci sanguine illius nefarium in nos omnes odium saturaveritis? Cic. Fl. 38, 95: se victimam rei publicae praebere, id. Fin. 2, 19, 61: victima deceptus decipientis ero, Ov. Am. 3, 3, 22: me nuptiali victimam feriat die, Sen. Herc. Oet. 348.

3. victima — Walde–Hofmann

victima, -ae f. , Opfertier, Opfer* (seit Naev. und Plaut.), vietimärius, -a, um „zum Opfertier gehörig“ und eictimáríus, -? m. „Opferer“ seit Liv.; victimó, -äre „bringe als Opfer dar, weihe* (seit Apul., vietimätor, -öris m. „O ferschlächter* Lact): als „geweihtes Tier“ auf *vietis oder *victus beruhend (vgl. zur Bildg. sacrima; ühnlich gr. tepeiov ,Opfertier" von lepebs, Brugmann Il? 1, 250), zu got. weihs, ahd. … — [Walde–Hofmann, s.v. victima, p. 1690]

In the wild

victimas Tacitus, Annales 3.p2
victimae Tertullian, De Cultu Feminarum 2.12
victima Lucan, Pharsalia 1.611
Victima Ovid, Amores 3.3.22
victima Phaedrus, Fabulae Aesopiae 3.3.8
victimis Seneca, De Beneficiis 1.6.3

6 of 207 attestations shown.

Where it came from

de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) Treated in de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) s.v. victima (scan p. 689; entry #1976). Root candidates: *ueik-, *uik-.
Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine Treated in Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine s.v. uictima (scan p. 756; entry #12620).
Walde-Hofmann, Lateinisches etymologisches Worterbuch Treated in Walde-Hofmann, Lateinisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. victima (scan p. 1690; entry #3242). Root candidates: *ui-.

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Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.