1. hospĕs — Lewis & Short
hospĕs, ĭtis (
I gen. plur. hospitium, Liv. 4, 35, 4), m.; hospĭta, ae, f. (cf. antistita from antistes, sospita from sospes, sacerdota from sacerdos, etc., but hospes, f., Att. ap. Non. 279, 11;
Trag. Fragm. v. 51 Rib.: hospes amica,Ov. F. 6, 510:
Aurora,Stat. Th. 6, 272; Sen. Agam. 318 al.) [= hostipets, hostis, a stranger; pa-, root of pasco, pater, to feed, hence],
I He who entertains a stranger, a host (one who entertains gratuitously, as a friend: caupo, one who entertains for pay);
form hospes: alterum ad cauponem devertisse, ad hospitem alterum,Cic. Div. 1, 27, 57; so id. Fin. 5, 2, 4:
tendimus hinc recta Beneventum, ubi sedulus hospes Paene macros, arsit, dum turdos versat in igne, etc.,Hor. S. 1, 5, 71:
succinctus,id. ib. 2, 6, 107:
amabilis,id. Ep. 2, 2, 132:
hospitis affectu salutare,with a host's politeness, Juv. 8, 161.—Esp., one upon whom soldiers are quartered, Tac. H. 2, 66; 3, 41.—Hence repeated of both host and guest:
per dexteram istam te oro, quam regi Deiotaro hospes hospiti porrexisti,Cic. Deiot. 3, 8; so,
non hospes ab hospite tutus,Ov. M. 1, 144:
Juppiter, = hospitalis,id. ib. 10, 224.—Fem., hospita, she who entertains a guest, a hostess:
femina primaria, Servilia, vetere Dionis hospita,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 8, § 24:
figura et lineamenta hospitae,id. ib. 2, 2, 36, §
89: Helene,Hor. C. 1, 15, 2.—In late Lat., for a concubine, Inscr. Orell. 2669; 4996. —
II Transf.
A A sojourner, visitor, guest, friend, ce/nos. Lit.:
in domo clari hominis, in quam et hospites multi recipiendi et admittenda hominum cujusque modi multitudo,Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139:
libri inter Cratippi commentarios tamquam hospites recipiendi,id. ib. 3, 33, 121:
recipere hospites,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 25, § 65:
accipere hospitem,id. Fam. 9, 26 fin.:
non hospites, sed peregrini atque advenae,id. Agr. 2, 34, 94:
habuisses non hospitem, sed contubernalem,id. Fam. 9, 20, 1:
et hostem et hospitem vidit,id. Div. 2, 37, 79; 6, 6, 2:
is qui nuper Romae fuit Menedemus hospes meus,id. de Or. 1, 19, 85; cf. id. Lael. 7, 24:
Polybius noster hospes,id. Rep. 4, 3:
id factum ex suis hospitibus Caesar cognoverat,Caes. B. G. 5, 6, 2:
in suos notos hospitesque quaerebant,id. B. C. 1, 74, 5:
hospes familiae vestrae,Cic. Lael. 11, 36: homo multorum hospitum, id. Clu. 59, 163:
mihi seu longum post tempus venerat hospes Sive, etc.,Hor. S. 2, 2, 118:
si vespertinus subito te oppresserit hospes,id. ib. 2, 4, 17:
hospite venturo, cessabit nemo tuorum,Juv. 14, 59: in officiis apud majores ita observatum est: primum tutelae, deinde hospiti, deinde clienti, tum cognato, postea adfini, Sabin. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 5.—In fem.:
meamne hic in via hospitam, Quae heri huc Athenis cum hospite advenit meo, etc.,Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 8; id. ib. 71; Ter. And. 2, 6, 8; Cic. Att. 5, 1, 3.—
B Opp. to a native, a stranger, foreigner (syn.:
advena, peregrinus, peregrinator, alienus): adeone hospes hujusce urbis, adeone ignarus es disciplinae consuetudinisque nostrae, ut haec nescias?Cic. Rab. Perd. 10, 28:
nec peregrinus atque hospes in agendo,id. de Or. 1, 50, 218:
nos in nostra urbe peregrinantes errantesque tamquam hospites tui libri quasi domum deduxerunt,id. Ac. 1, 3, 9.—So in addressing a foreigner, like the Gr. ce/ne, stranger:
cum (Theophrastus) percontaretur ex anicula quadam, quanti aliquid venderet, et respondisset illa atque addidisset, Hospes, non pote minoris: tulisse eum moleste, se non effugere hospitis speciem, cum aetatem ageret Athenis optimeque loqueretur,id. Brut. 46, 172; Quint. 8, 1, 2: dic, hospes, Spartae, nos te hic vidisse jacentes, Cic. poët. Tusc. 1, 42, 101 (a transl. of the Gr. *)=w cei=n', a)gge/llein *lakedaimoni/ois, etc., Herod. 7, 228): hospes, quid miras curare Serapin? Varr. ap. Non. 480, 30; Prop. 4, 1, 1.—Fem., hospita, a female stranger:
hanc hospitam crepidula ut graphice decet,Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 3.—
C Hence, a stranger in any matter, ignorant of, unacquainted with:
si erit idem in consuetudine civitatis hospes,Cic. de Or. 2, 30, 131:
vos ignoretis, vos hospites in hac urbe versamini,id. Mil. 12, 33.—
D Of inanim. or abstr. things adjectively, hospitable; strange, foreign.
(a) Form hospes (only in post-Aug. poets): gemma, Pall. Insit. init.:
tecta, etc.,Stat. Th. 12, 479:
cymba,id. S. 5, 1, 252:
honor,Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 650.—
(b) Form hospita (in the fem. and neutr. plur. mostly poet.): hirundines hospitae, Varr. ap. Arn. 6, 207:
navis,Ov. F. 1, 340:
quo tutior hospita lustres Aequora,Verg. A. 3, 377:
conjunx hospita Teucris,id. ib. 6, 93:
terra hospita,id. ib. 3, 539:
tecta,Val. Fl. 2, 650:
flumina,Stat. Th. 4, 842:
litora mundo,id. S. 3, 5, 75:
unda plaustris,bearing wagons on its frozen surface, Verg. G. 3, 362:
vina,Val. Fl. 1, 44.