1. praesidium — de Vaan
praesidium 'protection, garrison' (PL+), residere 'to be left over, remain seated5 (P1.+). reses [adj.] 'listless, torpid' (LuciL+), residuus 'left over; idle' (Acc.+), — [de Vaan, s.v. praesidium, p. 566]
The corpus record — Latin
praesidium
praesidium
protection, garrison
Generated live from the audited Latin corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.
Where it lives
- Ab Urbe Condita, books 8-10 - 12s 1 · 103.09/10k
- De Bello Hispaniensi 39 · 64.43/10k
- De Bello Africo 54 · 41.52/10k
- Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 43-44 - 43 20 · 34.86/10k
- Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 31-32 - 32 34 · 31.9/10k
- Ab urbe condita, books 21-25 - 24 45 · 31.81/10k
- Timotheus 2 · 30.72/10k
- Ab urbe condita, books 21-25 - 23 45 · 30.62/10k
- Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 43-44 - 44 37 · 29.23/10k
- Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 31-32 - 31 34 · 26.9/10k
- Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 35-38 - 36 28 · 24.59/10k
- De Bello Civili 79 · 24.46/10k
Densest 12 of 200 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.
What it meant
2. praesĭdĭum — Lewis & Short
praesĭdĭum, ii, n.praeses.
I Lit., a presiding over; hence, defence, protection, help, aid, assistance; esp. of soldiers who are to serve as a guard, garrison, escort, or convoy:
proficisci praesidio suis,Nep. Ages. 3:
praesidio esse alicui,id. ib. 7: Caes. B. G. 1, 44:
hanc sibi rem praesidio sperant futuram,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 65, § 167:
tectus praesidio firmo amicorum,id. Sull. 18, 51:
absque me foret et meo praesidio, etc.,Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 61:
ut meae stultitiae in justitiā tuā sit aliquid praesidii,Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 33:
in tutelā ac praesidio bellicae virtutis,Cic. Mur. 10, 22:
Veneris praesidio ferox,Hor. C. 1, 15, 13.—Esp. of soldiers acting as a guard, convoy, escort:
legiones, quae praesidio impedimentis erant,Caes. B. G. 2, 19:
regale,Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 30.—
II Transf.
A That which aids, defends, or protects, defence, assistance, protection:
ad hoc ipsum judicium cum praesidio venit,Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13:
armatorum,id. Phil. 2, 44, 112; cf.:
O et praesidium,protector, Hor. C. 1, 1, 2:
quantum praesidium perdis,Verg. A. 11, 58.—
2 In partic., in milit. lang., those who by their presence protect a place, a camp, or a supply of arms or provisions, a guard, garrison, convoy, escort, troops, soldiers, etc.:
praesidium est dictum, quia extra castra praesidebant loco aliquo, quo tutior regio esset,Varr. L. L. 5, § 90 Müll.:
occupatoque oppido, ibi praesidium collocat,garrison, Caes. B. G. 1, 38:
(turres) praesidiis firmare,with a garrison, with troops, Sall. J. 23, 1:
quam (Italiam) praesidiis confirmaretis,Cic. Agr. 1, 5, 16:
obsidere atque occupare,id. ib. 2, 28, 75:
ex oppido educere,Caes. B. C. 1, 13:
dimittere,Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 3:
oppido imponere,Liv. 24, 7:
praesidium dedit, ut eo tuto perveniret,an escort, Nep. Ep. 4, 5:
praesidium ex arce expellere,a garrison, id. ib. 10, 3:
praesidium ex regionibus depellere,id. Paus. 2, 1:
praesidia interficere,troops, id. Milt. 4, 1:
praesidia custodiasque disponere,posts, pickets, Caes. B. G. 7, 55:
Italia tota armis praesidiisque tenetur,troops, Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1:
praesidia deducere,Caes. B. G. 2, 33:
galeatum ponit ubique Praesidium,Juv. 8, 239.—
B Any place occupied by troops, as a hill, a camp, etc.; a post, station, intrenchment, fortification, camp:
qui propter metum praesidium relinquit,leaves his post, Cic. Tusc. 3, 8, 17:
praesidio decedere,Liv. 4, 29:
procul in praesidio esse,Nep. Timol. 1, 4:
praesidium occupare et munire,Caes. B. C. 3, 45:
cohortes ex proximis praesidiis deductae,id. B. G. 7, 87:
milites in praesidiis disponere,id. ib. 7, 34:
in praesidiis esse,in the camp, with the army, Cic. Lig. 9, 28:
in adversariorum praesidiis,id. Rosc. Am. 43, 126:
posito castello super vestigia paterni praesidii,fort, Tac. A. 1, 56:
obsidium coepit per praesidia,redoubts, id. ib. 4, 49.—Trop.:
de praesidio et statione vitae decedere,Cic. Sen. 26, 73.—
C In gen., aid, help, assistance of any kind, Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 45:
quod satis esset praesidii, dedit,every thing needful for his support and safety, Nep. Them. 8, 5:
quaerere sibi praesidia periculis, et adjumenta honoribus,Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 70:
magnum sibi praesidium ad beatam vitam comparare,id. Tusc. 2, 1, 2:
omnibus vel naturae, vel doctrinae praesidiis ad dicendum parati,id. de Or. 1, 9, 38:
me biremis praesidio scaphae tutum aura feret,Hor. C. 3, 29, 62:
ad praesidium aquae calidae decurritur,Col. 12, 50:
praesidia afferre navem factura minorem,Juv. 12, 56.—Trop., defence, protection, help:
fortissimum praesidium pudoris,Cic. Sull. 28, 77:
insigne maestis praesidium reis,Hor. C. 2, 1, 13:
si qua aliunde putas rerum exspectanda tuarum, Praesidia,Juv. 7, 23.—
2 In partic., a remedy against diseases:
aurium morbis praesidium est,Plin. 22, 22, 44, § 90:
contra serpentes praesidio esse,id. 28, 4, 7, § 35.
In the wild
- praesidium Julius Caesar, De Bello Civili 1.37.3
- praesidium Livy, Ab urbe condita 3.31.23.11
- praesidio Livy, Ab urbe condita 1.2.48.8
- praesidium Valerius Maximus, Facta et Dicta Memorabilia 4.1.2
- praesidium Livy, Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 31-32 - 32 p20
- praesidiis Cicero, Pro T. Annio Milone 61
6 of 2,703 attestations shown.
Where it came from
- Treated in de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) s.v. praesidium (scan p. 566; entry #1590).
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Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.