căpĭtālis — Lewis & Short
căpĭtālis, e, adj.caput.
I Relating to or belonging to the head. In this signif. extant only in the subst. capital, a headdress of priests, Varr. L. L. 5, § 130 Müll.; but, capital linteum quoddam, quo in sacrificiis utebantur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 48 ib. —
II Transf.
A Relating to life, by which life is endangered, capital:
periculum,peril of life, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 81; id. Rud. 2, 3, 19:
caedis,id. Most. 2, 2, 44:
morbus,endangering life, dangerous, Gell. 16, 13, 5.—
2 Esp. freq. as jurid. t. t. of those crimes which are punishable by death or by the loss of civil rights, capital, v. Dig. 21, 1, 23, § 2; 48, 1, 2:
accusare aliquem rei capitalis,of a capital crime, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:
qui in vinculis essent damnati rei capitalis,id. Sen. 12, 42:
cui rei capitalis dies dicta sit,Liv. 3, 13, 4:
reus rerum capitalium,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 39, § 95:
manifesti rerum capitalium,Sall. C. 52 fin.:
rerum capitalium condemnati,id. ib. 36, 2:
damnati,Tac. A. 1, 21 fin.:
in rerum capitalium quaestionibus,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:
crimen,id. ib. 2, 5, 9, § 23; Tac. A. 3, 60: facinora, Cic. poët. N. D. 1, 6, 13; cf.
flagitia,Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 5:
maleficia,Dig. 48, 8, 18 pr.:
judex rei capitalis,Quint. 7, 3, 33; Curt. 6, 8, 25; Cic. Dom. 30, 78:
capitalium rerum vindices,Sall. C. 55 al.:
fraudem admittere,Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 26:
causae,Quint. 8, 3, 14:
judicia,id. 4, 1, 57:
noxa,Liv. 3, 55, 5:
poenā afficere aliquem,Suet. Caes. 48:
condemnare,id. Dom. 14:
animadversione punire,id. Aug. 24:
supplicio incesta coërcere,id. Dom. 8:
capitale nullum exemplum vindictae,Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
supplicium,Curt. 3, 2, 17:
capitalis locus ubl si quid violatum. est, caput violatoris expiatur,Fest. p. 50:
judicium trium virorum capitalium,who had charge of the prisons and of executions, Cic. Or. 46, 156; Liv. 39, 14, 10; 25, 1, 10; cf. id. 32, 26, 17; and the joke of Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2.—Also subst.: căpĭtal (postAug. sometimes căpĭtāle, as also in poorer MSS. of earlier authors), plur. capitalia, a death (real or civil), banishment, etc., in consequence of crime:
capital = facinus quod capitis poenā luitur,Fest. p. 37: capital kefalikh\ timwri/a, Vet. Gloss.
(a) Capital facere, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 16; id. Merc. 3, 4, 26: scimus capital esse irascier, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 38, 17:
quique non paruerit capital esto,Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21; id. Inv. 2, 31, 96:
praesidio decedere apud Romanos capital esse,Liv. 24, 37, 9 Gronov.; Mel. 1, 9, 7 Tzschuck; Curt. 8, 4, 17; 8, 9, 34; Quint. 9, 2, 67:
degredi viā capital leges fecere,Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 63; 10, 23, 31, § 62; Just. 2, 7, 8; Suet. Calig. 24 Oud. and Wolf; Sil. 13, 155; cf. Front. 4, 6, 3 Oud.—
(b) Capitale:
capitale est obicere anteacta,Quint. 9, 2, 67; Tac. Agr. 2.—
(g) Plur.:
capitalia: capitalia vindicanto,Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6:
capitalia ausi plerique,Liv. 26, 40, 17; Suet. Tib. 58.—
b Trop.:
inimicus,a mortal enemy, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 57:
hostis,a deadly enemy, Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:
adversarius,id. Fin. 4, 12, 31:
odium,id. Lael. 1, 2:
ira,Hor. S. 1, 7, 13:
inimicitiae,Dig. 17, 1, 23, § 25:
minae, Cod. 2, 20, 7: oratio,very pernicious, dangerous, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73:
capitalis et pestifer Antonii reditus,id. Phil. 4, 1, 3:
totius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior quam eorum, etc.,id. Off. 1, 13, 41:
nulla capitalior pestis quam, etc.,id. Sen. 12, 39.—
B That is at the head, chief, first in something, pre-eminent, distinguished (rare): capitale vocamus Ingenium sollers (as we often use capital), Ov. F. 3, 839:
Siculus ille (sc. Philistus) capitalis, creber, acutus, etc.,a writer of the first rank, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 11 (13), 4: jocus, a capital joke, Treb. XXX. Tyrann. 10. —Comp.:
hoc autem erat capitalior, quod, etc.,more important, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 170.—Hence, adv.: căpĭtālĭter, mortally, capitally:
lacessere,Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 4:
odisse,mortally, Amm. 21, 16, 11.—Esp.,
2 As judicial t. t., of punishments, capitally, so as to affect life or citizenship, Cod. Th. 3, 14, 1; Veg. Mil. 2, 22.