castīgo — Lewis & Short
castīgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.castum-ago, as purgo = purum-ago,
I to set right by word or deed, to correct, chastise, punish; to blame, reprove, chide, censure, find fault with (syn.: animadvertere, punire; more forcible than reprehendere and vituperare; weaker than culpare;
class. in prose and poetry): pueros non verbis solum, sed etiam verberibus,Cic. Tusc. 3, 27, 64; so,
verberibus,Plin. 8, 3, 3, § 6; cf. Liv. 26, 27, 8; Curt. 8, 6, 5:
magnā clade,Liv. 39, 1, 4:
baculo,Front. Strat. 1, 1, 3:
quo saepius (magister) monuerit, hoc rarius castigabit,Quint. 2, 2, 5:
laudat Pompeius... segniores castigat atque incitat,Caes. B. C. 1, 3;
so opp. laudare,Liv. 27, 8, 18; Tac. Agr. 21:
castigando increpandoque plus quam leniter agendo, proficere,Liv. 27, 9, 8:
servos exuviis bubulis,Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 26:
aliquem dictis plurumis,id. Bacch. 4, 8, 67; Verg. A. 5, 387:
verbis,Cic. Off. 1, 25, 88; Liv. 36, 20, 4:
litteris,Caes. B. C. 3, 25:
per litteras,Tac. A. 3, 35:
leniter,Liv. 30, 15, 10; 36, 31, 8:
vehementissime,Petr. 109, 1:
in hoc me ipse castigo quod, etc.,Cic. Tusc. 5, 1, 4:
segnitiem hominum atque inertiam,id. de Or. 1, 41, 184; Liv. 31, 6, 5:
nimiam lenitatem,id. 39, 55, 1:
moras,Verg. A. 4, 407:
dolos,id. ib. 6, 567:
vitia,Juv. 2, 35; Vulg. Psa. 117, 18; id. Heb. 12, 6 al.—
II Esp.
A To correct some error, to set right, mend (poet. or in post-Aug. prose) ( = corrigere, emendare): carmen, *Hor. A. P. 294:
amicae verba,Juv. 6, 455:
examen improbum in trutină,Pers. 1, 6:
vitia sua,Plin. Pan. 46, 6.—
B To hold in check, to restrain; lit. and trop. (rare for the more usu. coërcere, cohibere, etc.):
quid illum credis facturum, nisi eum ... servas, castigas, mones?Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 31:
equum tenacem, non parentem frenis asperioribus castigare,Liv. 39, 25, 13; Tac. A. 6, 13:
castigatus animi dolor,Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 50:
risum crebris potiunculis,Petr. 47, 7:
lapsus,Stat. Th. 6, 700; cf. under P. a.—Hence,
b Of relations of space, to enclose, surround, encompass, confine, shut in:
insula castigatur aquis,Sil. 12, 355.— Hence, castīgātus, a, um, P. a. (poet. or in post-Aug. prose), confined, compressed; hence,
1 As a designation of physical beauty, small, slender, close:
pectus,Ov. Am. 1, 5, 21:
frons,Stat. S. 2, 1, 43.—
2 Trop., restrained, checked:
luxuria tanto castigatior, quanto posset esse liberior, Aug. Civ. Dei, 5, 24: castigatissima disciplina,the strictest, Gell. 4, 20, 1 Hertz (Cod. Reg. castissima).—Adv.: castīgātē.
a (Acc. to castigatus, 1.) Compressedly, briefly:
castigatius,Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 6:
castigatius eloqui,Aug. Doctr. Christ. 4, 14.—
b (Acc. to 2.) Restrainedly, within bounds:
vixit modeste, castigate, etc.,Sen. Contr. 6, 8:
vivere,Amm. 22, 3, 12.