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denique

denique

finally, at last5 (PL+). 3. donee [cj.]

Generated live from the audited Latin corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Densest 12 of 237 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. denique — de Vaan

denique 'finally, at last5 (PL+). 3. donee [cj.] 'until, while' (Lex ΧΠ+), ddnicum 'until' (Andr.+), quando 'when' (Andr.+). 4. dum [adv.; cj\] 'in the meantime; as long as5 (PL+), {-)dum enclitic particle of stress. Derivatives: (2) dehinc [adv.] 'from now on, next' (PL+), dein, deinde 'then, next' (Lex ΧΠ+), demum 'at last, only' (Andn+; Andr. also has dermis), denique 'finally' (PL+), deorsum [adv.] 'down' (PL+), … — [de Vaan, s.v. denique, p. 174]

2. dēnĭquē — Lewis & Short

dēnĭquē, adv.etym. dub.; perh. dēnĭ, locative of de, and que.

I Orig. denoting succession in time, and thereupon, and then, in the sequel.
A In gen. (rare—for syn. cf.: tum, demum, tandem, postremo): omnes negabant ... denique hercle jam pudebat, Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 8: risu omnes qui aderant emoriri. Denique Metuebant omnes jam me, id. Eun. 3, 1, 42: ille imperat reliquis civitatibus obsides. Denique ei rei constituit diem, Caes. B. G. 7, 64: ferme ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt post principia denique, Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 4.—In the interrogatory formula: quid denique agitis? and what did you do then? Plaut. Bac. 2, 3, 60: id. Truc. 2, 4, 47.—More freq.,
B Pregn., ending a period, at last, at length; lastly, finally: boat caelum fremitu virum ... Denique, ut voluimus, nostra superat manus, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 12; Ter. And. 1, 1, 120: nisi quia lubet experiri, quo evasuru 'st denique, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 93; cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 8; id. Phorm. 1, 2, 71: Nil nostri miserere? mori me denique coges, Verg. E. 2, 7: quid jam misero mihi denique restat? id. A. 2, 70; 2, 295 al.—
b Strengthened by ad extremum, ad postremum, or tandem: boni nescio quomodo tardiores sunt, et principiis rerum neglectis ad extremum ipsa denique necessitate excitantur, Cic. Sest. 47: victus denique ad postremum est, Just. 12, 16 fin.; 37, 1 fin.: et tandem denique devorato pudore ad Milonem aio, Ap. M. 2, p. 121.—
c Sometimes of that which happens after a long delay = tandem: quae (sc. urbana) ego diu ignorans, ex tuis jucundissimis litteris a. d. V. Cal. Jan. denique cognovi, Cic. Att. 5, 20, 8: aliquam mihi partem hodie operae des denique, jam tandem ades ilico, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 40.—
d With the particles tum, nunc, or an abl. of time (nearly = demum), just. precisely: tum denique homines nostra intellegimus bona, cum, etc., Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 39: qui convenit polliceri operam suam reip. tum denique, si necessitate cogentur? etc., Cic. Rep. 1, 6; so tum denique, id. Quint. 13, 43; id. Tusc. 3, 31, 75; id. de Sen. 23, 82; id. Fin. 1, 19, 64 et saep.; and separated, id. Lael. 22, 84; id. Caecin. 34 fin.: tantum accessit, ut mihi nunc denique amare videar, antea dilexisse, id. Fam. 9, 14, 5; cf. id. Quint. 13: ne is, de cujus officio nemo umquam dubitavit, sexagesimo denique anno dedecore notetur, id. ib. 31, 99; cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 22, 4; id. B. C. 1, 5, 2; Sall. J. 105, 3.—
(b) Like demum with pronouns, to give emphasis: si qua metu dempto casta est, ea denique casta est, Ov. Am. 3, 4, 3: is enim denique honos mihi videri solet, qui, etc., Cic. Fam. 10, 10; cf.: eo denique, Cic. Quint. 11, 38.—
(g) With vix (like vix demum): posita vix denique mensa, Ov. Her. 16, 215.—
II Transf., in enumerations.
A Like dein (deinde) followed by postremo, or ad postremum (rare): denique sequitur ... postremo si est, etc., Varr. L. L. 7, 19, 113: omnes urbes, agri, regna denique, postremo etiam vectigalia vestra venierint, Cic. Agr. 2, 23 fin.; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; id. N. D. 3, 9, 23; cf. id. Fam. 2, 15, 4: primum illis cum Lucanis bellum fuit .. Denique Alexander rex Epiri .. cum omnibus copiis ab his deletus est .. ad postremum Agathocles, etc., Just. 23, 1, 15. —
B Pregn., to introduce the last of a series, finally, lastly, in fine (the usual meaning of the word; cf.: postremo, novissime, ad extremum): consilium ceperunt ... ut nomen hujus de parricidio deferrent, ut ad eam rem aliquem accusatorem veterem compararent ... denique ut, etc., Cic. Rosc. Am. 10, 28; cf. id. Rep. 1, 43; Ov. Tr. 2, 231: cur etiam secundo proelio aliquos ex suis amitteret? cur vulnerari pateretur optime de se meritos milites? cur denique fortunam periclitaretur? Caes. B. C. 1, 72, 2: aut denique, Cic. Arch, 6, 12: qui denique, id. Rep. 1, 17: tum denique, Verg. G. 2, 369 et saep.: cum de moribus, de virtutibus, denique de republica disputet (Socrates), Cic. Rep. 1, 10: mathematici, poetae, musici, medici denique, etc., id. Fin. 5, 3, 7: denique etiam, id. Fl. 4, 9: primum omnium me ipsum vigilare, etc.: deinde magnos animos esse in bonis viris ..: deos denique immortales. auxilium esse laturos, id. Cat. 2, 9.—
2 Freq. in ascending to a climax, or to a higher or more general expression, in a word, in fine, in short, briefly, even, in fact, indeed: quis hunc hominem rite dixerit, qui sibi cum suis civibus, qui denique cum omni hominum genere nullam esse juris communionem velit? Cic. Rep. 2, 26: nemo bonus, nemo denique civis est, qui, etc., id. Pis. 20, 45; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69; Liv. 4, 56; Tac. A. 2, 10 al.: pernegabo atque obdurabo, perjurabo denique, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 56; cf. Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 51; id. Hec. 4, 4, 95; Cic. Quint. 16, 51; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 23 al.: numquam tam mane egredior, neque tam vesperi domum revortor, quin te in fundo conspicer fodere, aut arare, aut aliquid facere denique, Heaut. 1, 1, 15: quod malum majus, seu tantum denique? Cic. Att. 10, 8, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 33, 2: ne nummi pereant, aut pyga aut denique fama, Hor. S. 1, 2, 133: haec denique ejus fuit postrema oratio, Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 44; so Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317; Cic. Verr. 1, 27, 70; Nep. Pelop. 4, 3; Vell. 2, 113; Tac. A. 1, 26; Ov. M. 2, 95 al. —Hence, freq. emphatic with ipse: arma, tela, locos, tempora, denique naturam ipsam industria vicerat, Sall. J. 76: hoc denique ipso die, Cic. Mil. 36, 100.—With omnia, prius flamma, prius denique omnia, quam, etc., id. Phil. 13, 21, 49; Quint. 10, 1, 119; Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 13; cf.: quidquid denique, Cels. 2, 28, 1.—
3 In post-Aug. prose (esp. in the jurists), to denote an inference, in consequence, therefore, accordingly: hujus victoriae callide dissimulata laetitia est: denique non solita sacra Philippus illa die fecit, etc., Just. 9, 4, 1: pulcherrima Campaniae plaga est: nihil mollius caelo: denique bis floribus vernat, Flor. 1, 16, 3; Dig. 1, 7, 13; 10, 4, 3, § 15 et saep. So in citing a decision for a position assumed: denique Scaevola ait, etc., Dig. 7, 3, 4; 4, 4, 3; 7, 8, 14: exstat quidem exemplum ejus, qui gessit (sc. magistratum) caecus: Appius denique Claudius caecus consiliis publicis intererat, ib. 3, 1, 1, § 5 and 6; 48, 5, 8.—In class. usage denique includes the connective -que; once in Plaut. and often in late Lat. a copul. conj. precedes it: atque hoc denique, Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 18: aurum, argentum, et denique aliae res, Gai. Inst. 2, 13; Dig. 1, 8, 1. See Hand Turs. II. p. 260-278.

Where it came from

  • de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) Treated in de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) s.v. denique (scan p. 174; entry #407).
  • Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine Treated in Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine s.v. dénique (scan p. 579; entry #9491).

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Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.