grăvo — Lewis & Short
grăvo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.gravis.
I To charge with a load, to load, burden, weigh down, oppress (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose).
A Lit.:
praefectum castrorum sarcinis gravant,Tac. A. 1, 20; cf.:
ferus Actora magno Ense gravat Capaneus,Stat. Th. 10, 257:
non est ingenii cymba gravanda tui,Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 22:
aegraque furtivum membra gravabat onus,Ov. H. 11, 38:
gravantur arbores fetu,Lucr. 1, 253; cf.:
sunt poma gravantia ramos,Ov. M. 13, 812:
ne, si demissior ibis, Unda gravet pennas,id. ib. 8, 205:
quia pondus illis abest, nec sese ipsi gravant,Quint. 1, 12, 10:
stomacho inutilis, nervis inimicus, caput gravans,Plin. 21, 19, 75, § 128:
minui quod gravet (corpus) quolibet modo utilius,id. 11, 53, 119, § 284:
ne obsidio ipsa multitudine gravaretur,Just. 14, 2, 3; 38, 10, 8; so in pass.:
alia die febre commotus est: tertia cum se gravari videret,weighed down, oppressed, Capitol. Anton. 12; and esp. in perf. part.:
gravatus somno,Plin. 10, 51, 70, § 136; 26, 1, 4, § 6; 33, 1, 6, § 27:
vino,Curt. 6, 11, 28:
telis,id. 8, 14, 38:
ebrietate,id. 5, 7, 11:
cibo,Liv. 1, 7, 5:
vino somnoque,id. 25, 24, 6.—
B Esp., to make pregnant:
uterum,Stat. Th. 2, 614:
gravatam esse virginem,Lact. 4, 12, 2; id. Epit. 44, 1; cf.: semper gravata lentiscus, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 9, 16; Paul. ex Fest. p. 95, 15. —
C Trop.
1 To burden, oppress, incommode:
nil moror officium, quod me gravat,Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 264:
septem milia hominum, quos et ipse gravari militia senserat,Liv. 21, 23, 6:
sed magis hoc, quo (mala nostra) sunt cognitiora, gravant,Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 28. —
2 To make more grievous, aggravate, increase:
tu fortunam parce gravare meam,id. ib. 5, 11, 30:
quo gravaret invidiam matris,Tac. A. 14, 12:
injusto faenore gravatum aes alienum,Liv. 42, 5, 9.—
D To lower in tone; hence, gram. t. t., to give the grave accent to a vowel (opp. acuo):
a littera gravatur,Prisc. 539, 573 P.—
II Transf., as v. dep.: grăvor, ātus (lit., to be burdened with any thing, to feel burdened; hence), to feel incommoded, vexed, wearied, or annoyed at any thing; to take amiss, to bear with reluctance, to regard as a burden, to do unwillingly (class.); in Cic. only absol. or with an object-clause, afterwards also constr. with acc.
(a) Absol.:
non gravabor,Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 49: quid gravare? id. Stich. 3, 2, 22:
quamquam gravatus fuisti, non nocuit tamen,id. ib. 5, 4, 40:
ne gravare,Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 19:
primo gravari coepit, quod invidiam atque offensionem timere dicebat,Cic. Clu. 25, 69:
ego vero non gravarer si, etc.,id. Lael. 5, 17:
nec gravatus senex dicitur locutus esse, etc.,Liv. 9, 3, 9:
ille non gravatus, Primum, inquit, etc.,Varr. R. R. 1, 3:
spem ac metum juxta gravatus Vitellius ictum venis intulit,Tac. A. 6, 3:
benignus erga me ut siet: ne gravetur,Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 15.—
(b) With an object-clause:
rogo, ut ne graveris exaedificare id opus, quod instituisti,Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 164; 1, 23, 107; id. Fam. 7, 14, 1:
ne graventur, sua quoque ad eum postulata deferre,Caes. B. C. 1, 9:
quod illi quoque gravati prius essent ad populandam Macedoniam exire,Liv. 31, 46, 4:
tibi non gravabor reddere dilatae pugnae rationem,id. 34, 38, 3; Curt. 9, 1, 8; 6, 8, 12; Suet. Aug. 34 al.—
(g) With acc.:
Pegasus terrenum equitem gravatus Bellerophontem,disdaining to bear, throwing off, Hor. C. 4, 11, 27:
at illum acerbum et sanguinarium necesse est graventur stipatores sui,be weary of supporting, Sen. Clem. 1, 12 fin.:
matrem,Suet. Ner. 34:
ampla et operosa praetoria,id. Aug. 72:
aspectum civium,Tac. A. 3, 59 fin.:
spem ac metum juxta gravatus,id. ib. 5, 8; Quint. 1, 1, 11.— Hence, adv. in two forms:
A grăvātē (acc. to II.), with difficulty or reluctance, unwillingly, grudgingly:
non gravate respondere,Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 208;
opp. gratuito,id. Off. 2, 19, 66;
opp. benigne,id. Balb. 16, 36:
Canius contendit a Pythio ut venderet: gravate ille primo,id. Off. 3, 14, 59:
qui cum haud gravate venissent,Liv. 3, 4, 6 Weissenb. (al. gravati):
concedere,id. 42, 43, 2.—Comp.:
manus et plantas ad saviandum gravatius porrigere,Front. ad M. Caes. 4, 12 fin.—
B grăvanter, with reluctance, unwillingly:
reguli Gallorum haud gravanter venerunt,Liv. 21, 24, 5 Weissenb. (al. gravate); Cassiod. Varr. 4, 5.