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The corpus record — Latin

viduus

viduus

deprived of husband or wife

Generated live from the audited Latin corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Densest 12 of 14 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. viduus — de Vaan

viduus 'deprived of husband or wife' [adj. ο/α] (P1.+) vigeo Derivatives: vidua [£] 'widow' (Naev.+), viduitds 'state of being deprived, widowhood' (PL+), vidertas 'dearth' (Cato+), viduare 'to deprive of (Lucr.+)· Pit *wipowo- [adj.]. PIE *hiui-dhhreu-o- 'separated'. IE cognates: Olr.fedb, Skt vidhava- [f.] 'widow', a-vidhava- [f.] 'not a widow', YAv. viOauua [nom.sg.f.j, MP wewag, MoP beway Oss. — [de Vaan, s.v. viduus, p. 690]

2. vĭdŭus — Lewis & Short

vĭdŭus, a, um, adj.Sanscr. vidhava, without a husband; cf. ve- in vecors, etc.; h)i/+qeos, single,

I deprived or bereft of a husband or wife, bereft of a lover, spouseless, mateless, widowed.
I Lit.: quae (Penelopa) tam diu vidua viro suo caruit, Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 2: vidui viri, id. Merc. 4, 6, 13; Ov. A. A. 1, 102; id. H. 8, 86: quidve tibi prodest viduas dormire puellas? Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 17.—
B Subst.: vĭdŭa, ae, f., a widow: nupta, vidua, virgo, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 37: cognitor viduarum, Cic. Caecin. 5, 14: orbarum et viduarum tributa, id. Rep. 2, 20: viduas avaras venari, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 78.—Of unmarried women: se rectius viduam et illum caelibem futurum fuisse contendere quam cum impari jungi, Liv. 1, 46, 7; Sen. Herc. Fur. 245; id. Med. 215; cf. Dig. 50, 16, 242, § 3.—
II Transf.
A Of animals: columba, Plin. 10, 34, 52, § 104. —
B Of things: torus, Prop. 2, 9, 16: cubile, Ov. Am. 2, 10, 17: noctes, id. H. 19, 69: domus, id. F. 1, 36: manus (Penelopes), id. H. 1, 10: caelibatus, Sen. Ben. 1, 9, 4.— So of a vine which is not trained to any tree, which stands alone: ut vidua in nudo vitis quae nascitur arvo, Cat. 62, 49; and conversely, of trees which are without vines: et vitem viduas ducit ad arbores, Hor. C. 4, 5, 30: ulmos, Juv. 8, 78: platanus, Mart. 3, 58, 3: ramus, Col. 5, 6, 31.—
C In gen., deprived or bereft of, destitute of, without any thing (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose); constr. with a or ab, the simple abl., or gen.: cogor adire lacus viduos a lumine Phoebi, Verg. Cul. 371: me ipse viduus (i. e. viribus meis), Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 10, 25: viduus pharetrā Apollo, Hor. C. 1, 10, 11: alni (i. e. naves) moderantibus, Stat. Th. 10, 13: clavus (gubernatore), id. ib. 10, 183: solum arboribus, Col. 2, 2, 25; 3, 11, 5: pabulationes pecudibus, id. 9, 4, 1: viduus mente, App. M. 2, p. 120, 38: nec viduum pectus amoris habet, Ov. Am. 3, 10, 18: viduus teli, Sil. 2, 247.—Absol.: arae, desolate, without fire, App. M. 4, p. 155, 41.

In the wild

6 of 21 attestations shown.

Where it came from

  • de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) Treated in de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) s.v. viduus (scan pp. 690-691; entry #1982). Root candidates: *wipowo-.
  • Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine Treated in Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine s.v. uiduus (scan p. 758; entry #12648).

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Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.