1. matrona — de Vaan
matrona 'married woman, wife' (P1.+), matronaiis 'of a married woman' (Lab.+), — [de Vaan, s.v. matrona, p. 381]
The corpus record — Latin
matrona1
matrona1
married woman, wife
Generated live from the audited Latin corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.
Where it lives
- Menaechmi 63 · 66.31/10k
- Medicamina faciei femineae 1 · 16.31/10k
- Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 33-34 - 34 14 · 9.34/10k
- De Pallio 3 · 8.75/10k
- Cento Nuptialis 1 · 7.33/10k
- Eclogarum Liber 2 · 7.3/10k
- Ad Scapulam 1 · 6.7/10k
- De Arte Poetica liber 2 · 6.47/10k
- Ab urbe condita, books 6-10 - 10 7 · 4.62/10k
- Firmus Saturninus, Proculus et Bonosus 1 · 4.32/10k
- Divus Aurelianus 3 · 3.84/10k
- Nero 3 · 3.84/10k
Densest 12 of 93 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.
What it meant
2. mātrōna — Lewis & Short
mātrōna, ae, f.id.,
I a married woman, wife, matron (whether she was in manu or not; consequently more general in its application than mater familias, which always denoted one who was in manu).
I In gen.: matronam dictam esse proprie, quae in matrimonium cum viro convenisset, quoad in eo matrimonio maneret, etiamsi liberi nondum nati forent: dictamque esse ita a matris nomine non adepto jam sed cum spe et omine mox adipiscendi: unde ipsum quoque matrimonium dicitur;
matrem autem familias appellatam esse eam solam, quae in mariti manu mancipioque, aut in ejus, in cujus maritus, manu mancipicque esset: quoniam non in matrimonium tantum, sed in familiam quoque mariti, et in sui heredis locum venisset,Gell. 18, 6, 8 and 9:
convocatis plebeis matronis,Liv. 10, 23, 6.—Only rarely of a married woman, woman in general:
ut matronarum hic facta pernovit probe,Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 30:
quae (dea) quia partus matronarum tueatur,Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 47; cf.: et fetus matrona dabit, * Tib. 2, 5, 91:
cum prole matronisque nostris,Hor. C. 4, 15, 27:
tyranni,id. ib. 3, 2, 7: matronae muros complent, Enn. ap. Serv ad Verg. G. 1, 18 (Ann. v 376 Vahl.): tum muros variā cinxere coronā Matronae, * Verg. A. 11, 476: matronae tacitae spectent, tacitae rideant Plaut. Poen. prol. 32 Suet. Ner. 27:
matronas prostratae pudicitiae,id. Tib. 35:
dilectae adulter matronae,Juv. 10, 319.—
II Esp.
A The word very early acquired the accessory idea of (moral or social) dignity, rank. Matronae is thus used even by Ennius of women of quality, ladies: matronae opulentae, optimates, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6 (Trag. v. 294 Vahl.); cf.
, in like manner, in Plautus: ubi istas videas summo genere natas Summates matronas,Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 26;
so Cicero applies to the noble women carried off from the Sabines the term matronae,Cic. Rep. 2, 7, 13:
matrona laris,the lady of the house, Juv. 3, 110.—
B With the accessory idea of estimable, virtuous, chaste, etc.: nominis matronae sanctitudinem, Afran. ap. Non. 174, 9:
eam hic ornatam adducas ad matronarum modum,Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 196 Brix ad loc.; cf.:
matronarum sanctitas,Cic. Cael. 13, 32:
VETERIS SANCTITATIS MATRONA,Inscr. Orell. 2739. So opp. meretrix, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. Most. 1, 3, 33; id. Cas. 3, 3, 22:
ut matrona meretrici dispar erit atque Discolor,Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 3; Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 48:
matronae praeter faciem nil cernere possis, etc.,Hor. S. 1, 2, 94:
capitis matrona pudici,Juv. 6, 49.—
C Hence, an appellation of Juno:
hinc matrona Juno (stetit),Hor. C. 3, 4, 59:
MATRONIS IVNONIBVS,Inscr. Orell. 2085;
and of other protecting goddesses of places,ib. 2081 sq. (But not of vestals; v. Drak. ad Liv. 29, 14, 12.)
3. Matrŏna — Lewis & Short
Matrŏna, ae, m. (f.,
Aus. Mos. 462; Sid. Pan. 812),I a river in Gaul, now the Marne, Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 2; Amm. 15, 11, 3; Aus. Mos. 462; Sid. Carm. 5, 208.
In the wild
- matrona Livy, Ab urbe condita 1.10.23.9
- Matrona Plautus, Menaechmi 4.2
- matronis Valerius Maximus, Facta et Dicta Memorabilia 8.15.12
- matronae Livy, Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 33-34 - 34 p2
- matrona Tibullus, Elegiae 2.5.91
- matronas Tertullian, De Pallio 4
6 of 362 attestations shown.
Where it came from
- Treated in de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) s.v. matrona (scan p. 381; entry #1008).
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Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.