1. bĭbo — Lewis & Short
bĭbo, bĭbi (post-class.
I part. fut. bĭbĭtūrus, Hier. Isa. 8, 25, 8; Vulg. Matt. 20, 22; id. Act. 23, 12; Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 1, 1; part. perf. bĭbĭtus, a, um, Cael. Aur. Chron. 4, 3, 60; Capitol. Ver. 5, 3; Aem. Mac. c. de Porro; Plin. Val. 2, 18; inf. apocop. biber, Cato, Titin., and Fannii Annal. ap. Charis. p. 99), 3, v. a. root bi; Gr. pi-, pi/nw, pe/pwka; whence Lat. poto, as if from po; Sanscr. pī; Slav. piti; Lith. pota, to drink (usually from thirst, a natural want; poto, to drink from passion, habit, etc.; but poto is occasionally used of water, etc., e. g. Plin. 11, 37, 68, § 179; cf.:
bibere naturae est, potare luxuriae,Isid. Diff. 1. 74; and the partt. potus and potatus are regularly used instead of the partt. of bibo).
I With acc.
1 Of the liquid drunk:
per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,Cato, R. R. 73:
jejunus heminam bibito,id. ib. 126:
si voles vinum Choum bibere, licebit bibas,id. ib. 48: eapse merum condidicit bibere;
foribus dat aquam quam bibant,Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 4:
vicit vinum quod bibi,Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 1:
Darius in fugā cum aquam turbidam bibisset,Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97:
patrono malo suadebat ut mulsum frigidum biberet,id. de Or. 2, 70, 282:
viveret, nisi illud (i. e. venenum) bibisset,Quint. 8, 5, 31:
bibo aquam,id. 6, 3, 93:
cur apud te vinum aetate tuā vetustius bibitur?Sen. Vit. Beat. 17, 2:
nisi Hy. mettia mella Falerno Ne biberis diluta,Hor. S. 2, 2, 15:
et Veientani bibitur faex crassa rubelli,Mart. 1, 103, 9:
lac bibere,to suck, Ov. Am. 3, 10, 22; id. M. 9, 377; 9, 615.—Also nutricem bibere (i. e. lac de nutrice), App. M. 2, p. 115, 29.—Poet.;
Caecubam... Tu bibes uvam (i. e. vinum),Hor. C. 1, 20, 10:
in usu radix tantum duabus drachmis bibenda (i. e. sucus radicis),Plin. 25, 6, 30, § 67.—
2 Pocula or cyathos bibere.
(a) Poet., = vinum (cf. pi/nein krath=ras):
tristia cum multo pocula felle bibat,Tib. 1, 5, 50:
ipse bibebam Sobria suppositā pocula victor aquā,id. 1, 6, 28:
plura pocula = plus vini,id. 1, 9, 59; so,
nomismata and aera,id. 1, 26, 3.—
(b) Of the number of cups drunk at a merry-making: vide quot cyathos bibimus: St. Tot quot digiti sunt tibi in manu, Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 24.—Esp. of the custom of drinking names, i. e. as many cups as there are letters in a name proposed; the number is frequently expressed by fractional parts of the as (uncia = a cyathus;
quincunx = 5 cyathi, etc.): quincunces et sex cyathos bessemque bibamus, Gaius ut fiat, Julius, et Proculus,Mart. 11, 36, 7:
crebros ergo licet bibas trientes,id. 1, 106, 8:
diluti bibis unciam Falerni,id. v. 3 (cf. with potare:
sextantes et deunces,id. 12, 28).—Hence, nomen bibere, Julium, etc., bibere:
ut jugulem curas, nomen utrumque bibam,Mart. 8, 57, 26:
Laevia sex cyathis, septem Justina bibatur, Quinque Lycas, Lyde quattuor, Ida tribus,id. 1, 71, 1 sq.:
Astyanacta bibes,id. 8, 6, 16.—
3 Fluvium, undam, pruinas bibere (poet.).
(a) = aquam ex flumine bibere:
priusquam Pabula gustassent Trojae Xanthumque bibissent,Verg. A. 1, 473:
jam crassus torrens bibitur tamen,Stat. Th. 4, 821:
puram bibis amnibus undam,Claud. Laud. Herc. 74.—
(b) Trop., to arrive at the region of the river:
non illum nostri possunt mutare labores, Nec si... Hebrumque bibamus Sithoniasque nives... subeamus (i. e. si Thraciam adeamus),Verg. E. 10, 65:
ante... Aut Ararim Parthus bibet, aut Germania Tigrim Quam, etc.,sooner will the Parthians come to Germany, or the Germans to the country of the Parthians, id. ib. 1, 63:
turbaque Phasiacam Graia bibistis aquam,Ov. H. 12, 10.—Hence,
(g) Qui flumen bibunt, = the inhabitants of the country through which the river passes:
qui Tiberim Fabarimque bibunt,Verg. A. 7, 715:
qui profundum Danubium bibunt,Hor. C. 4, 15, 21:
qui Nilum ex ipso protinus ore bibunt,Mart. 7, 88, 6:
populosque bibentes Euphraten,Luc. 8, 213:
qui te, Nile, bibit, Claud. Prob. et Olybr. 38.—So of an inland sea: caesamque bibens Maeotin Alanus,Claud. in Rufin. 1, 812.—Of a single person:
extremum Tanaim si biberes, Lyce,Hor. C. 3, 10, 1.—Similarly, montium pruinas bibere, of the rivers fed by a mountain range:
amniumque... quicunque Odrysias bibunt pruinas,Mart. 10, 7, 2: fluvios qui... Alpinasque bibunt de more pruinas, Claud. Prob. et Olybr. 255.—
4 Bibere aquas, to be drowned:
neu bibat aequoreas naufragus hostis aquas,Ov. H. 7, 62.—Transf., of ships, to founder, to be wrecked: o utinam... Argo funestas pressa bibisset aquas! Ov. Am. 2, 11, 6.—
5 Sanguinem or cruorem bibere.
(a) Sanguinem, in a figurative sense, = sanguinem sitire:
cujus sanguinem (Antonium) non bibere censeatis? (sitire, animo bibere),Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 10.—
(b) Cruorem bibere, to draw blood, to kill:
hasta virgineum alte bibit acta cruorem,Verg. A. 11, 803; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 78.—
6 Transf. to things other than liquids.
a Of concrete things: dixit et ardentes avido bibit ore favillas, breathed in, drew in (of the sparks of a funeral pyre), Mart. 1, 42, 5:
vigilandae noctes et fuligo lucubrationum bibenda,inhale, Quint. 11, 3, 23.—
b Figuratively, of abstract things.
(a) = cupideaudire, legere:
pugnas et exactos tyrannos... bibit aure vulgus,eagerly listens to, Hor. C. 2, 13, 32:
incipe: suspensis auribus ista bibam,Prop. 3, 4, 8: hinc ille justitiae haustus bibat, imbibe (by reading) the love of justice, Quint. 12, 2, 31: illa divino fruitur sermone parentis, maternosque bibit mores, Claud. Nupt. Hon. et Mar. 231.—
(b) To imbibe, be affected with:
infelix Dido, longumque bibebat amorem,Verg. A. 1, 749:
totisque novum bibit ossibus ignem,the fire of love, Stat. Achill. 1, 303.—
(g) To draw out, exhaust: nudae illae artes omnem sucum ingenii bibunt, Quint. prooem. 24.—
c To swallow, i. e. forget:
quamquam ego vinum bibo, mandata hau consuevi simul bibere una,Plaut. Pers. 2, 1, 3. —
7 Transf., of inanim. subjects, to absorb liquids, draw, imbibe them:
id si feceris metreta oleum non bibet,Cato, R. R. 100. —So trop.:
claudite jam rivos... sat prata biberunt,Verg. E. 3, 111:
inriguumque bibant violaria fontem,id. G. 4, 32:
quae (terra) bibit humorem,absorbs moisture, id. ib. 2, 218:
amphora fumum bibere instituta,Hor. C. 3, 8, 11:
mista bibunt molles lacrimis unguenta favillae,Ov. F. 3, 561:
tunc bibit irriguus fertilis hortus aquas,Tib. 2, 1, 44:
lanarum nigrae nullum colorem bibunt,take no color, Plin. 8, 48, 73, § 193; so,
candorem (i. e. colorem candidum) bibere,id. 31, 11, 47, § 123: arcus bibit (aquas) and nubes bibunt (aquas), the rainbow, the clouds draw water (according to a popular belief among the ancients):
cur bibit arcus aquas?Prop. 3, 5 (4, 4), 32:
et bibit ingens Arcus,Verg. G. 1, 380.—And, jestingly, of an old woman given to drink: ecce autem, bibit arcus;
hercle, credo, hodie pluet,Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 39 (44):
unde aures nubesque bibunt atque imbrifer arcus,Stat. Th. 9, 405.—So with object understood:
bibite, festivae fores,with reference to the wine spilled, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 88:
palma toto anno bibere amat, i. e. aquam,Plin. 13, 4, 7, § 28.—
II Absol. (the obj. acc. understood).
a Sc. aquam:
nec sitis est exstincta priusquam vita bibendo (of those seized by the plague),Ov. M. 7, 569.—
b Of liquids in general:
numquam sitiens biberat,Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97:
edendi mihi erit bibendique finis desideria naturae restinguere,Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5:
ut nec bibant sine ambitione, nec edant,id. ib. 12, 5:
conducit inter cibos bibere,Plin. 23, 1, 23, § 41:
vino debemus homines quod soli animalium non sitientes bibimus,id. 23, 1, 23, § 42.—
c Esp. of wine:
es, bibe, animo obsequere mecum,Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 82:
quamquam illud est dulce, esse et bibere,id. Trin. 2, 1, 37:
jam diu factum postquam bibimus: nimis diu sicci sumus,id. Pers. 5, 2, 45; id. Poen. 4, 2, 13:
decet luxuriosum bibendo mori,Quint. 8, 5, 23:
ut jejuni biberent,Plin. 14, 28 med.—Pass. impers. bibitur, they drink, he drinks, people drink:
dies noctisque estur, bibitur,Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 78:
ab tertiā horā bibebatur, ludebatur, vomebatur,Cic. Phil. 2, 41, 104:
bibitur usque eo dum de solio ministretur,id. Pis. 27, 67.—
III With adverbs or adverbial phrases.
a Of manner:
jucundius bibere,Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97; id. Att. 13, 52, 1:
large,Plin. 10, 34, 52, § 105:
fit invitatio ut Graeco more biberetur, i. e. propinando,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66.—
b With num. adv. denoting the number of cups:
jam bis bibisse oportuit,Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 122:
sic ago, semel bibo,id. Rud. 3, 6, 46:
plus quam deciens, Sextiliane, bibis,Mart. 1, 26, 10:
quare bis deciens, Sextiliane bibis?id. 1, 11, 2.—
IV With abl. or prep. and abl.
1 Of the liquid, river, etc.:
de eo vino... bibito ante cenam,Cato, R. R. 114: a fonte bibatur... an lacu, Mart. 9, 99, 9:
ab amne,id. 12, 11:
ex aquā,Prop. 2, 30, 32:
ex fonte,id. 4, 4, 14.—
2 Of the vessel.
(a) Abl.:
gemmā, i. e. poculo ex gemmā facto,Verg. G. 2, 506:
caelato = e poculo caelato,Juv. 12, 47:
conchā,id. 6, 304:
fictilibus,id. 10, 25:
testā,Mart. 3, 82, 3:
vitro,id. 1, 37, 2; 4, 85, 1:
ossibus humanorum capitum,Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 12.—And bibere understood:
poscunt majoribus poculis, i. e. bibi,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66.—
(b) With ex: ex solido auro, L. Varius ap. Macr. 6, 1:
e gemmā,Prop. 3, 3, 26.—
(g) With in:
hac licet in gemmā bibas,Mart. 14, 120:
in Priami calathis,id. 8, 6, 16:
in auro,Sen. Thyest. 453:
in argento potorio,Dig. 34, 12, 21:
in ossibus capitum,Flor. 3, 4, 2.—
V Particular phrases.
1 Bibe si bibis = bibe nunc, si omnino bibere vis, a formula urging to drink, Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 33; 5, 4, 51 (cf.:
age, si quid agis,id. ib. 5, 4, 35).—
2 Dare bibere, to give to drink, a Grecism, perh. only in the foll. passages: date illi biber, Titin ap. Charis. p. 99 P. (Com. Rel. v. 78 Rib.):
jubebat biber dari, Fann. Ann. ib: bibere da usque plenis cantharis,Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 40 (45):
quod jussi ei dari bibere,Ter. And. 3, 2, 4; cf.:
ut Jovi bibere ministraret,Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65:
ut bibere sibi juberet dari,Liv. 40, 47, 5: cf.: dare with subj.:
tum vos date bibat tibicini,Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 16.—And with rel. and subj.:
nimium dabat quod biberem,Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 19:
dat aquam quam bibant,id. Curc. 1, 3, 4.—
3 Prov.:
aut bibat aut abeat, taken from the Greek banquets, in which the chairman (arbiter bibendi,Hor. C. 2, 7, 25) could demand unconditional submission to the drinking laws (h)\ pi=qi, h)\ a)/piqi), Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 118.