ex-cūso — Lewis & Short
ex-cūso (excuss-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.causa; cf. accuso, from ad-causa; qs. to release from a charge, to free from blame; hence,
I to excuse a person or thing.
I Lit.
(a) With a personal object, aliquem alicui:
Atticae meae velim me ita excuses, ut omnem culpam in te transferas,Cic. Att. 15, 28; cf.:
aliquem alicui per litteras,id. Fam. 11, 15, 1; and:
his omnibus me vehementer excusatum volo,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 40, § 103.—With quod:
Titium excusavit Vespa Terentius, quod eum brachium fregisse diceret,id. de Or. 2, 62, 253:
Libo excusat Bibulum, quod is, etc.,Caes. B. C. 3, 16, 3:
primum me tibi excuso in eo ipso, in quo te accuso,Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1:
se de aliqua re,Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 1:
de me excusando apud Apuleium, dederam ad te litteras,Cic. Att. 12, 14, 1:
se alicui,Plaut. As. 4, 2, 4; Quint. 4, 1, 75 et saep.—In pass.:
cura, ut excuser morbi causa in dies singulos,Cic. Att. 12, 13, 2: si citatus judex non responderit excuseturque Areopagites esse, etc., excuses himself as being, etc., id. Phil. 5, 5, 14:
dixi, cur excusatus abirem,Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 7:
apud Appuleium in dies ut excuser videbis,Cic. Att. 12, 15, 1:
me excusatum esse apud Appuleium a Laterense,id. ib. 12, 17, 1.—
(b) With inanim. or abstr. objects, to excuse, apologize for:
Varroni memineris excusare tarditatem litterarum mearum,Cic. Att. 15, 26 fin.:
habitum permutatum,Quint. 3, 7, 6:
palliolum, fascias, etc. (sola valetudo),id. 11, 3, 144:
commentarios,id. 10, 7, 31:
missos ignes,Ov. M. 2, 397;
dolorem,id. ib. 4, 256:
toros,Stat. Th. 2, 256:
reditum Agrippinae ob imminentem partum et hiemem,her not returning, Tac. A. 1, 44.
II Transf.
A Aliquid (alicui), i. q. se propter aliquid, to allege in excuse, to plead as an excuse, to excuse one's self with.
(a) With acc.:
propinquitatem excusavit,Cic. Phil. 8, 1, 1:
morbum,id. ib. 9, 4, 8:
inopiam (with calamitatem queri),Caes. B. C. 3, 20, 3:
valetudinem,Liv. 6, 22 fin.:
imbecillitatem,Suet. Tib. 6:
vires,Ov. M. 14, 462:
diversa,Tac. A. 3, 11 et saep.:
ille Philippo Excusare laborem et mercenaria vincla, Quod non mane domum venisset, etc.,Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 67:
dictatorem se apud patres excusare solitum,Liv. 6, 39, 4:
aliquid apud aliquem,Curt. 5, 10, 8; Suet. Tib. 68.—Pass.:
quae apud Vitellium excusanda erant,Tac. H. 2, 85:
excusata necessitas praesentium,id. ib. 1, 78:
excusata rei familiaris mediocritate,Suet. Aug. 101:
excusatus languor faucium, propter quem non adesset,id. Ner. 41 et saep.—
(b) With an object-clause:
si prehensi sumus, excusemus, ebrios Nos fecisse, etc.,Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 19 (but in id. Merc. 2, 3, 126, the correct reading is incusato, v. Ritschl ad h. l.): excusanti, minus datum ad occultandam facinoris invidiam, Suet. Ner. 33; id. Aug. 69.—
B Aliquem ab aliqua re, aliqua re, or alicui rei, to excuse, absolve one from any thing; to discharge, dispense with one (postAug.):
a coepta (tutela) excusari,Dig. 27, 1, 11:
collegarum filiorum tutela excusari,ib. 9; cf. Ambros. in Psa. 1, § 46:
cui excusari mallet,Tac. A. 1. 12; Vulg. Luc. 14, 19. But (class.):
se de aliqua re: legati venerunt, qui se de superioris temporis consilio excusarent, quod, etc.,Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 1.—
C Se ab aliqua re, to shelter, protect one's self from any thing (post-class.):
ut invicom se a calore excusent (plantae),Pall. Nov. 7, 2. —Hence,
D Aliquid aliqua re, to compensate, atone for any thing (post-Aug. and rare):
nefas armis,Claud. de Bell. Get. 562; Stat. Th. 6, 44; Plin. Pan. 32, 4.—Hence, excūsātus, a, um, P. a., excused (postAug. and rare):
hoc et ego excusatior, si forte sum lapsus, et tu dignior laude,Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 11; 4, 5, 4:
excusatissimus essem, etiamsi, etc.,Sen. Const. Sap. 29.—Adv.: excūsātē, without blame, excusably:
fieri id videtur excusate,Quint. 2, 1, 13.—Comp.:
quod exoratus excusatius facies,Plin. Ep. 9, 21, 3; Tac. A. 3, 68; Just. 32, 2.