1. foris — de Vaan
foris 'door' [f. i] (P1.+;rarelysg., usually pi. fores, '-ium ('folding doors').) Derivatives: fords 'to the outside' (Naev.+), foris 'on the outside' (P1.+), foricula 'window-shutter' (Varro+). Pit. *fwor-(i-) > *for-i-\ *for*a~. PIE *dhu6r-, *d\ir- 'door'. IE cognates: Olr. dorus [mru] , Dor^ Duir [toponyms], W. dor, Bret, dor < PCI. *duora, fduro- 'door'; Hit. andurza [adv.] 'inside, indoors' < *h}n-
2. fŏris — Lewis & Short
fŏris, is, and more freq. in fŏres, um, f.Sanscr. dvār; Gr. qu/ra; O. H. Germ. tor; Engl. door, etc.; cf. foras,
plur.,I a door, gate; in plur., the two leaves of a door (syn.: porta, janua, valvae, ostium, limen).
I Lit.
(a) Sing.:
crepuit foris,Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 34; cf. id. Cas. 5, 1, 17:
foris crepuit, concrepuit,id. Aul. 4, 5, 5; id. Cas. 2, 1, 15; id. Bacch. 4, 9, 134; Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 11:
constitit ad geminae limina prima foris,Ov. H. 12, 150:
ut lictor forem virgā percuteret,Liv. 6, 34, 6:
cum forem cubiculi clauserat,Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 59:
forem thalami claudere,Ov. A. A. 3, 228:
forem obdere alicui,id. P. 2, 2, 42:
exclusus fore, cum Longarenus foret intus,Hor. S. 1, 2, 67.—
(b) Plur.:
ex quo (Jano) fores in liminibus profanarum aedium januae nominantur,Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 67:
pol, haud periculum est, cardines ne foribus effringantur,Plaut. As. 2, 3, 4 sq.; cf.:
sonitum prohibe forum et crepitum cardinum,id. Curc. 1, 3, 1:
a nobis graviter crepuerunt fores,Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 52:
ad fores assistere,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66:
extra fores limenque carceris,id. Tusc. 5, 28, 80:
robustae,Hor. C. 3, 16, 2:
invisae,id. S. 2, 3, 262:
asperae,id. C. 3, 10, 3:
durae,Tib. 1, 1, 56:
foribus inest clavis,id. 1, 6, 34:
hostes incidentes semiapertis portarum foribus,Liv. 26, 39, 22.—
B Transf., the door, opening, entrance of other things:
aeneus equus, cujus in lateribus fores essent,Cic. Off. 3, 9, 38:
nassarum,Plin. 32, 2, 5, § 11:
apum,id. 21, 14, 48, § 82.—
II Trop.:
quasi amicitiae fores aperire,Cic. Fam. 13, 10, 4:
artis fores apertas intrare,Plin. 35, 9, 36, § 61:
rerum,id. 2, 8, 6, § 31.
3. fŏris — Lewis & Short
fŏris, adv.abl. form (denoting both the place where and the place whence), and answering to the acc. form foras, v. foras init..
I Out at the doors, out of doors, abroad, without (opp. intus, domi, etc.):
sinito ambulare, si foris, si intus volent,Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 5: cf.:
foris pascuntur, intus opus faciunt,Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 5:
ille relictus intus, exspectatus foris,Cic. Sull. 5. 17; cf.
also: nam et intus paveo, et foris formido,Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 20: aliorum intus corpus et foris lignum, ut nucum;
aliis foris corpus, intus lignum, ut prunis,Plin. 15, 28, 34, § 112:
cum et intra vallum et foris caederentur,Nep. Dat. 6:
domi et foris aegre quod sit, satis semper est,Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 8; cf.:
ut domo sumeret, neu foris quaereret,id. Bacch. 4, 4, 6:
nec minore saevitia foris et in exteros grassatus est,Suet. Ner. 36:
(consilium petere) foris potius quam domo,Cic. Phil. 2, 11, 26:
te foris sapere, tibi non posse te auxiliarier,Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 49:
si foris cenat,Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 17; cf.:
venit ad nos Cicero tuus ad cenam, cum Pomponia foris cenaret,Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6, § 19 Orell. N. cr.:
cenitare,id. Fam. 7, 16, 2; 9, 24, 3:
extrinsecus, cum ea, quae sunt foris neque inhaerent in rei natura, colliguntur,id. de Or. 2, 39, 163:
haec studia delectant domi, non impediunt foris,in public life, id. Arch. 7, 16; cf.:
cum ea contentio mihi magnum etiam foris fructum tulisset,i. e. beyond the senate, id. Fam. 1, 9, 20:
fuit ille vir cum foris clarus, tum domi admirandus, neque rebus externis magis laudandus quam institutis domesticis,id. Phil. 2, 28, 69:
et domi dignitas et foris auctoritas retinetur,abroad, id. Rosc. Am. 47, 136; cf.:
parvi sunt foris arma, nisi est consilium domi,id. Off. 1, 22, 76; and:
otium foris, foeda domi lascivia,Tac. A. 13, 25:
foris valde plauditur,among the people, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 8, 1:
egere, foris esse Gabinium, sine provincia stare non posse,i. e. in the people's power, in debt, id. Pis. 6, 12.—
(b) As prep. with acc. (late Lat.): constitutus si sit fluvius, qui foris agrum non vagatur, beyond, Auct. de Limit. p. 273 Goes.:
ut terminos foris limites ponerentur,id. ib.—
II From without, from abroad, = extrinsecus:
at, quaecumque foris veniunt, impostaque nobis Pondera sunt,Lucr. 5, 543:
sed quod ea non parit oratoris ars, sed foris ad se delata, tamen arte tractat,Cic. Part. 14, 48: aut sumere ex sua vi atque natura, aut assumere foris. id. de Or. 2, 39, 163; cf.:
foris assumuntur ea, quae non sua vi sed extranea sublevantur,id. ib. 2, 40, 173; id. Inv. 1, 11, 15; 2, 24, 71:
auxilium non petendum est foris,id. Tusc. 3, 3, 6:
ut in ipsa (arte) insit, non foris petatur extremum,id. Fin. 3, 7, 24.—
(b) Strengthened by ab:
quoniam in ulcus penetrat omnis a foris injuria,Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 227.
In the wild
- foris Livy, Ab urbe condita 1.4.35.3
- fores Julius Caesar, De bello Gallico 8.9.4
- foris Plautus, Miles Gloriosus 4.1
- foribus Livy, Ab urbe condita 2.26.46.6
- foris Livy, Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 41-42 - 41 p27
- foris Livy, Ab urbe condita 1.3.65.6
6 of 912 attestations shown.
Where it came from
- Treated in de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) s.v. foris (scan p. 247; entry #603). Root candidates: *fwor-, *dhu6r-, *fora-.
- Treated in Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine s.v. Foris (scan p. 270; entry #4233).
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Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.